Semiconductors are the building blocks of modern electronics, powering everything from smartphones to satellites. This in-depth guide provides a comprehensive understanding of semiconductors' engineering principles and applications, delving into their fundamental concepts, materials, devices, manufacturing processes, and their impact on today's technology landscape.
Protect sensitive electronics by understanding the current limiting resistor, learning how to calculate appropriate values, and applying them in LEDs, transistors, microcontroller inputs and other circuits.
This guide explains how potentiometer pins interact with mechanical rotation, resistive tracks, and load conditions across various circuit configurations. It provides clarity for both low-power electronic designs and high-precision embedded systems.
This technical article explains the theory behind potentiometer schematics. It shows how to implement mechanical and digital potentiometers in practical circuits, tailored for engineers, and students.
Engineering teams can achieve AI-ready design data with five-level maturity model by Keysight. The unified, traceable data accelerates design cycles, boosts IP reuse, and reduces costly re-spins.
Source transformation is the method of converting a voltage source with series resistance into an equivalent current source with parallel resistance (and vice versa). This guide explains the theory, math, circuit examples, and practical applications for modern digital and hardware engineers.
Resistors are the quiet regulators of electronic circuits. They shape current, set voltages, bias transistors, protect components, and stabilize signals. This article breaks down the physics of resistance, explores modern resistor technologies, and offers practical guidance.
Many beginners may be confused about the Solder Mask Layer and Paste Mask Layer because they share some similarities. In this article, we will introduce the differences between solder masks and paste masks, enabling beginners to gain a better understanding.
Ground is the reference point that makes voltage meaningful and the return path that allows current to flow. This article explains what is ground in a circuit, discusses different types of grounds, and shows how to implement effective grounding strategies
Learn how to calculate impedance in AC circuits – from basic RLC components to complex transmission lines and PCB traces. This guide covers the theory, formulas, methods, and tools needed to determine impedance accurately and ensure proper impedance matching in their designs.
Is soldering paste the same as flux? This technical article clarifies the differences for electronics engineers, covering their functionalities and practical implementations in both manual soldering (repairs, prototyping) and automated soldering (SMT reflow assembly)
Conformal coatings are polymeric films on printed circuit boards (PCBs) that protect against hazards like moisture, pollution, chemicals, and temperature changes. This layer of material is vital for the longevity and reliability of electronic parts.
This article is a detailed guide on Vcc vs Vdd power rail naming conventions in analog and digital circuits (CMOS vs bipolar), with practical tips for schematics, PCB layout, and IC selection!
Surface Mount Technology PCB assembly is a revolution in electronics design, enabling smaller and more reliable circuits. This guide explores the basics of SMT PCB assembly, how it works, and industry standards. This article is for electronics designers to help understand critical SMT design aspects.
This article explores the key benefits of RTC modules in automotive infotainment control systems, highlighting how Micro Crystal's RTC solutions contribute to enhanced performance and user experience.
Lightweight, conformable, and cost-effective, new forms of printed flexible electronics open up a world of possibilities in consumer electronics, healthcare, and beyond.
Surface preparation and board cleaning are hot topics in our industry, and an entire history of why this is a debate would be beyond the scope of this article. If you are looking for that type of deep dive, Aqueous has a great reference.
Configurable power supplies combine the flexibility of custom designs with the speed and cost-efficiency of modular systems. By enabling tailored voltage, current, and control features, they help engineers address evolving requirements across industrial and medical applications.
An in-depth exploration of schematic circuit symbols, their standards, uses in design, and best practices – ideal for digital/hardware engineers and engineering students.
VSS and VDD are crucial power rails in electronics—VDD is the positive supply (often for MOSFET drains), while VSS is ground or negative reference. Learn their roles in CMOS/BJT circuits, their impact on analog/digital design, and PCB layout best practices.
A comprehensive resistor chart guide for digital design and hardware engineers. Explore resistor values, tolerances, units, E-series standard values, resistor color code systems, and practical resistor selection examples.
Printed electronics are used in a wide range of devices, including flexible displays, thin-film transistors, sensors, and photovoltaic cells. In this article, we look at five aspects of printing equipment that can be improved by switching to laser sintering.