<p id="isPasted">Imagine having to straighten up a messy kitchen, starting with a counter littered with sauce packets. If your goal is to wipe the counter clean, you might sweep up the packets as a group. If, however, you wanted to first pick out the mustard packets before throwing the rest away, you would sort more discriminately, by sauce type. And if, among the mustards, you had a hankering for Grey Poupon, finding this specific brand would entail a more careful search.</p><p>MIT engineers have developed a method that enables robots to make similarly intuitive, task-relevant decisions.</p><p><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 832px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1727764894016-MIT-Scene-Tasks-01-press_0.jpg" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">From left to right: team members Lukas Schmid, Nathan Hughes, Dominic Maggio, Yun Chang, and Luca Carlone. Credit: Andy Ryan</span></span></span></p><p>The team’s new approach, named Clio, enables a robot to identify the parts of a scene that matter, given the tasks at hand. With Clio, a robot takes in a list of tasks described in natural language and, based on those tasks, it then determines the level of granularity required to interpret its surroundings and “remember” only the parts of a scene that are relevant.</p><p>In real experiments ranging from a cluttered cubicle to a five-story building on MIT’s campus, the team used Clio to automatically segment a scene at different levels of granularity, based on a set of tasks specified in natural-language prompts such as “move rack of magazines” and “get first aid kit.”</p><p>The team also ran Clio in real-time on a quadruped robot. As the robot explored an office building, Clio identified and mapped only those parts of the scene that related to the robot’s tasks (such as retrieving a dog toy while ignoring piles of office supplies), allowing the robot to grasp the objects of interest.</p><p>Clio is named after the Greek muse of history, for its ability to identify and remember only the elements that matter for a given task. The researchers envision that Clio would be useful in many situations and environments in which a robot would have to quickly survey and make sense of its surroundings in the context of its given task.</p><p>“Search and rescue is the motivating application for this work, but Clio can also power domestic robots and robots working on a factory floor alongside humans,” says Luca Carlone, associate professor in MIT’s Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AeroAstro), principal investigator in the Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems (LIDS), and director of the MIT SPARK Laboratory. “It’s really about helping the robot understand the environment and what it has to remember in order to carry out its mission.”</p><p>The team details their results in a <a href="https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/157072" target="_blank">study appearing today</a> in the journal <em>Robotics and Automation Letters</em>. Carlone’s co-authors include members of the SPARK Lab: Dominic Maggio, Yun Chang, Nathan Hughes, and Lukas Schmid; and members of MIT Lincoln Laboratory: Matthew Trang, Dan Griffith, Carlyn Dougherty, and Eric Cristofalo.</p><h2><strong>Open fields</strong></h2><p>Huge advances in the fields of computer vision and natural language processing have enabled robots to identify objects in their surroundings. But until recently, robots were only able to do so in “closed-set” scenarios, where they are programmed to work in a carefully curated and controlled environment, with a finite number of objects that the robot has been pretrained to recognize.</p><p>In recent years, researchers have taken a more “open” approach to enable robots to recognize objects in more realistic settings. In the field of open-set recognition, researchers have leveraged deep-learning tools to build neural networks that can process billions of images from the internet, along with each image’s associated text (such as a friend’s Facebook picture of a dog, captioned “Meet my new puppy!”).</p><p>From millions of image-text pairs, a neural network learns from, then identifies, those segments in a scene that are characteristic of certain terms, such as a dog. A robot can then apply that neural network to spot a dog in a totally new scene.</p><p>But a challenge still remains as to how to parse a scene in a useful way that is relevant for a particular task.</p><p>“Typical methods will pick some arbitrary, fixed level of granularity for determining how to fuse segments of a scene into what you can consider as one ‘object,’” Maggio says. “However, the granularity of what you call an ‘object’ is actually related to what the robot has to do. If that granularity is fixed without considering the tasks, then the robot may end up with a map that isn’t useful for its tasks.”</p><p><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 832px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1727764931766-MIT-Scene-Tasks-03-press.jpg" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">Clio quickly segments a scene such as a cluttered cubicle (pictured), and feeds the segments through an “information bottleneck” algorithm that focuses on the segments that only represent target objects relevant to the task at hand. Colored cubes represent segment regions that Clio has picked identified as task-relevant objects that a robot can focus on while ignoring the rest of the scene. Credit: Courtesy of the researchers</span></span></span></p><h2><strong>Information bottleneck</strong></h2><p>With Clio, the MIT team aimed to enable robots to interpret their surroundings with a level of granularity that can be automatically tuned to the tasks at hand.</p><p>For instance, given a task of moving a stack of books to a shelf, the robot should be able to &nbsp;determine that the entire stack of books is the task-relevant object. Likewise, if the task were to move only the green book from the rest of the stack, the robot should distinguish the green book as a single target object and disregard the rest of the scene — including the other books in the stack.</p><p>The team’s approach combines state-of-the-art computer vision and large language models comprising neural networks that make connections among millions of open-source images and semantic text. They also incorporate mapping tools that automatically split an image into many small segments, which can be fed into the neural network to determine if certain segments are semantically similar. The researchers then leverage an idea from classic information theory called the “information bottleneck,” which they use to compress a number of image segments in a way that picks out and stores segments that are semantically most relevant to a given task.</p><p>“For example, say there is a pile of books in the scene and my task is just to get the green book. In that case we push all this information about the scene through this bottleneck and end up with a cluster of segments that represent the green book,” Maggio explains. “All the other segments that are not relevant just get grouped in a cluster which we can simply remove. And we’re left with an object at the right granularity that is needed to support my task.”</p><p>The researchers demonstrated Clio in different real-world environments.</p><p>“What we thought would be a really no-nonsense experiment would be to run Clio in my apartment, where I didn’t do any cleaning beforehand,” Maggio says.</p><p>The team drew up a list of natural-language tasks, such as “move pile of clothes” and then applied Clio to images of Maggio’s cluttered apartment. In these cases, Clio was able to quickly segment scenes of the apartment and feed the segments through the Information Bottleneck algorithm to identify those segments that made up the pile of clothes.</p><p>They also ran Clio on Boston Dynamic’s quadruped robot, Spot. They gave the robot a list of tasks to complete, and as the robot explored and mapped the inside of an office building, Clio ran in real-time on an on-board computer mounted to Spot, to pick out segments in the mapped scenes that visually relate to the given task. The method generated an overlaying map showing just the target objects, which the robot then used to approach the identified objects and physically complete the task.</p><p>“Running Clio in real-time was a big accomplishment for the team,” Maggio says. “A lot of prior work can take several hours to run.”</p><p>Going forward, the team plans to adapt Clio to be able to handle higher-level tasks and build upon recent advances in photorealistic visual scene representations.</p><p>“We’re still giving Clio tasks that are somewhat specific, like ‘find deck of cards,’” Maggio says. “For search and rescue, you need to give it more high-level tasks, like ‘find survivors,’ or ‘get power back on.’ So, we want to get to a more human-level understanding of how to accomplish more complex tasks.”</p><p>This research was supported, in part, by the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Swiss National Science Foundation, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, the U.S. Office of Naval Research, and the U.S. Army Research Lab Distributed and Collaborative Intelligent Systems and Technology Collaborative Research Alliance.</p>

MIT’s Clio runs in real-time to map task-relevant objects in a robot’s surroundings, allowing the bot (Boston Dynamic’s quadruped robot Spot, pictured) carry out a natural language task (“pick up orange backpack”). Credit: Courtesy of the researchers

A new method called Clio enables robots to quickly map a scene and identify the items they need to complete a given set of tasks.

Helping robots zero in on the objects that matter

<p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Excavators, harvesters, long-haul trucks, and material-handling machines provide essential resources like food, water, and shelter. These diesel-powered vehicles are critical to our daily lives and the global economy. However, the emissions from these vehicles impact our environment.</p><p dir="ltr">The heavy-duty transport sector faces significant challenges and transformative opportunities as the global focus sharpens on reducing carbon footprints and advancing environmental sustainability. This vital industry, responsible for the movement of goods and services across vast distances, must adapt rapidly to new emissions regulations, evolving technologies, and best practices to align with sustainability goals.</p><p dir="ltr">The upcoming “Heavy-Duty Sustainable Transport Symposium” will bring together industry experts to explore the latest advancements and discuss solutions for a more sustainable future in heavy-duty transport. Join us to learn, connect, and be part of the change.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>What:&nbsp;</strong>Heavy-Duty Sustainable Transport Symposium</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>When:&nbsp;</strong>May 7-8, 2025 in Sweden</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>How:</strong> <a href="https://www.sae.org/attend/heavy-duty-sustainable-transport-symposium" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Register attendance here. (Available December 1)</a></p><h2 dir="ltr">The Need for Sustainable Heavy-Duty Transport</h2><p dir="ltr">As we face increasing climate challenges, the transportation sector's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions must be reduced significantly and urgently. This transformation is not only necessary but complex, requiring a blend of innovative technologies, updated regulations, and coordinated efforts across industries.</p><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Sustainability in transportation is essential for several reasons:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Environmental Impact: The transportation sector is a major contributor to global emissions, which significantly impact climate change. Reducing these emissions is critical for mitigating global warming.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Economic Necessity: Transportation is integral to economic development, enabling the movement of goods and services. Sustainable practices ensure this essential function does not come at the cost of environmental health.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Quality of Life: Access to transportation is closely tied to quality of life, connecting communities with healthcare, education, and employment. Sustainable transport systems support societal needs while reducing environmental damage.</p></li></ul><p dir="ltr">Despite its challenges, achieving sustainability in heavy-duty transport is possible. Through collective action, technological advancements, and regulatory support, we can make significant strides towards a cleaner and more sustainable future.</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 832px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzI3MDg4NzQxMjY2LXRydWNrIDIuanBnIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">Credit: cmsostenible</span></span></span></p><h2 dir="ltr" id="isPasted">The Heavy-Duty Sustainable Transport Symposium</h2><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">The Heavy-Duty Sustainable Transport Symposium is designed to bring together industry leaders, innovators, and professionals to address the pressing challenges and opportunities in sustainable heavy-duty transport.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">It is scheduled for May 7-8, 2025, at the Chalmers Conference Centre in Gothenburg, Sweden, and focuses on the latest advancements, regulatory developments, and best practices in the field.</p><p dir="ltr">The symposium will address the most pressing sustainability issues in heavy-duty transport, providing participants with the knowledge and tools needed to drive meaningful change.</p><p dir="ltr">You can learn more about the symposium <a href="https://www.sae.org/attend/heavy-duty-sustainable-transport-symposium" target="_blank">here</a>.</p><p dir="ltr"><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1727172040425-social_media_1080x1080_p241497602_hvydut_25_look_fe.jpg" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h3 dir="ltr">Key Sessions of the Symposium&nbsp;</h3><p dir="ltr">The Heavy-Duty Sustainable Transport Symposium will feature a diverse range of sessions designed to address critical aspects of sustainability in the heavy-duty transport sector.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Here’s what you will discover:</p><h4 dir="ltr">1. Global Legislation Framework</h4><p dir="ltr">You will learn about the evolving global legislation concerning ICE emissions, CO2, fuels, and their impact on greenhouse gasses (GHG) and air quality in various regions, including the US, Europe, and China. This session will provide you with critical insights into how recent and upcoming legislative changes influence strategic decisions regarding fuel and powertrain options, CO2 reduction, and pollutant emissions control.</p><h4 dir="ltr">2. Electrification (Including Batteries and Fuel Cells)</h4><p dir="ltr">This session will cover the latest advancements in electric propulsion systems, which are among the most energy-efficient technologies available. You will explore the challenges of energy density and the impact of battery and fuel cell packaging on vehicle range and load capacity. This session will also cover the transformation of vehicle architecture and the global challenges in supporting the necessary changes.</p><h4 dir="ltr">3. Aftertreatment for IC Engines and Hydrogen ICE</h4><p dir="ltr">The session will look into the cutting-edge developments in exhaust aftertreatment systems for both internal combustion engines and hydrogen combustion engines. This session will cover advancements in catalysts, particulate filter technologies, and how stricter emission regulations drive innovations in aftertreatment systems. You will gain insights into achieving future zero-impact emission vehicle operations.</p><h4 dir="ltr">4. Renewable Fuels&nbsp;</h4><p dir="ltr">The session will explore the role of renewable fuels in achieving greenhouse gas emission reductions. It will highlight existing and emerging options such as HVO (Renewable Diesel), biogas, biodiesel, renewable hydrogen, and eFuels. You will understand how new production technologies and shifting legislation are shaping the future of renewable fuels.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Benefits of Attending the Symposium</h2><p dir="ltr">Attending the Heavy-Duty Sustainable Transport Symposium offers numerous advantages for engineers:&nbsp;</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Comprehensive Knowledge: You will gain a thorough understanding of the latest advancements and regulatory changes impacting the heavy-duty transport sector. Sessions will cover critical topics like emissions control, electrification, and renewable fuels, giving you a complete view of current and future trends.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Valuable Networking: The symposium offers ample opportunities to connect with industry leaders, peers, and potential partners. Building these relationships can open doors to new collaborations and support your professional endeavors.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Insights into Cutting-Edge Technologies: You will have the opportunity to discover and assess the newest technologies in the field. From electric propulsion systems to advanced aftertreatment solutions, you will see how these innovations are shaping the future of sustainable transport.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Practical Applications: The symposium will provide actionable insights and best practices that you can apply directly to your work. These practical solutions will help you address sustainability challenges and improve your systems.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Professional Development:&nbsp;You will stay up-to-date with industry developments, enhancing your expertise and positioning yourself as a knowledgeable professional in the heavy-duty transport sector.</p></li></ul><h2 dir="ltr">Who Should Attend?</h2><p dir="ltr">The Heavy-Duty Sustainable Transport Symposium is ideal for &nbsp;engineers, regulators, OEMs, research groups, and industry partners. Engineers will gain insights into the latest technological advancements, while regulators will understand the implications of evolving emissions legislation. OEMs will stay updated on new regulations and best practices, aiding in developing future-proof products.</p><p dir="ltr">Research groups will present findings and collaborate on sustainable transport projects, and industry partners will discover new business opportunities and network with key players.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Participants will have the chance to connect with peers, learn from industry leaders, and explore cutting-edge sustainable transport technologies.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Behind the Scenes: Organizing Companies &nbsp;</h2><p dir="ltr">The Heavy-Duty Sustainable Transport Symposium wouldn't be possible without the support and expertise of its organizing companies. These industry leaders bring invaluable knowledge and innovative solutions to the table, ensuring the event provides the latest insights and advancements in sustainable transport.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Let's take a closer look at the key companies behind this important symposium:</p><h3 dir="ltr">Neste</h3><p dir="ltr">Neste is a leading producer of renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel. Committed to combating climate change, Neste provides innovative solutions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Their expertise in renewable energy technologies makes them a crucial player in driving sustainability in the heavy-duty transport sector.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Volvo</h3><p dir="ltr">Volvo, a global leader in automotive manufacturing, is renowned for its dedication to safety, quality, and environmental care. Volvo's advancements in electric and hybrid heavy-duty vehicles highlight its commitment to sustainable transport solutions. Its participation in the symposium highlights its role in shaping the future of green transportation.</p><h3 dir="ltr">NGK</h3><p dir="ltr">NGK Insulators is a leading manufacturer of ceramic products, including insulators, automotive components, and environmental products. They are at the forefront of developing technologies that improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions. Their contributions to the symposium emphasize the importance of innovation in achieving sustainability goals.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Johnson Matthey</h3><p dir="ltr">Johnson Matthey is a global leader in sustainable technologies, specializing in emission control systems and catalysts. Their cutting-edge solutions help reduce harmful emissions from heavy-duty vehicles, contributing to cleaner air and a healthier planet. Johnson Matthey's involvement in the symposium highlights their role in advancing sustainable transport technologies.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Register your attendance now</h2><p dir="ltr">The Heavy-Duty Sustainable Transport Symposium is a crucial event for industry professionals to gain insight into the latest advancements and regulatory frameworks in sustainable heavy-duty transportation. It provides a unique opportunity for participants to engage with cutting-edge research, explore innovative solutions, and connect with industry leaders.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Attendees will be equipped with the knowledge and connections needed to drive forward the future of sustainable transport, ensuring their organizations remain at the forefront of this rapidly evolving field.</p><p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.sae.org/attend/heavy-duty-sustainable-transport-symposium" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Registrations open December 1, 2024</a>.</p>

The upcoming “Heavy-Duty Sustainable Transport Symposium” May 7-8, 2025 in Sweden, will bring together industry experts to explore the latest advancements and discuss solutions for a more sustainable future in heavy-duty transport.

2025 Symposium: Leading Sustainable Heavy-Duty Transport

<p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">From the days when ICE cars saw minor updates every three years and major redesigns every five, we’ve shifted to an era where new EV models are released annually. The rapid evolution of electric vehicles is not only energizing the market, but also intensifying competition among manufacturers.</p><p dir="ltr">EV manufacturers need to innovate more quickly than ever to stay competitive in a market that’s expected to grow rapidly. According to<a href="https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/electric-powertrain-market" target="_blank">&nbsp;Grand View Research</a>, the global electric powertrain market was valued at $83.30 billion in 2022 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.3% through 2030.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Manufacturing Challenges in EV Motors, Batteries, and ECUs</h2><p dir="ltr">At the heart of this rapid shift towards electric vehicles are three critical components: EV motors, batteries, and ECUs (Electronic Control Units). These elements form the backbone of every electric vehicle, powering its movement, optimizing energy efficiency, and managing complex operations. However, as the industry grows, so do the manufacturing challenges associated with these components.</p><h3 dir="ltr">EV Motors</h3><p dir="ltr">The design of EV motors is crucial for efficiency. Manufacturers now use thinner stamped lamination sheets (between 0.15 mm and 0.3 mm) to reduce power consumption, but producing these sheets requires extreme precision, especially when handling intricate profiles and sharp corners. Additionally, the need for lightweight materials and complex cooling systems to prevent overheating further complicates motor manufacturing. For mold makers, these factors demand high accuracy to ensure performance and keep assembly costs low.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Batteries</h3><p dir="ltr">Batteries serve as the heart of every EV, where power storage and management are critical to vehicle performance. Several production challenges arise:</p><ul><li dir="ltr">Efficient cooling systems are needed to prevent overheating during use.</li><li dir="ltr">Precise use of materials such as silicon carbide and ceramics is required for durability and heat resistance.</li><li dir="ltr">Perfectly sealed shields are essential to prevent leaks and sediments, which can compromise battery efficiency and safety.</li><li dir="ltr">The growing demand for smaller, lighter battery designs calls for highly accurate mold tooling and efficient production methods.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr">ECUs (Electronic Control Units)</h3><p dir="ltr">These units manage critical functions such as power distribution and motor control. Producing intricate micro molds for ECUs is a significant challenge, as even small deviations can affect performance and safety. Manufacturers must ensure precision and consistency, particularly in customized production.</p><h2 dir="ltr">How Rapid Prototyping Solves These Manufacturing Challenges?</h2><p dir="ltr">Automotive Manufacturers need solutions that increase efficiency, reduce costs, and allow for greater customization. Rapid prototyping has become a key tool to address these challenges.</p><ul><li dir="ltr" style="font-weight: bold;"><strong>Digital Manufacturing and Quality Control</strong></li></ul><p dir="ltr">Rapid prototyping uses advanced digital manufacturing techniques to ensure precise production of complex components like thinner stamped lamination sheets for EV motors. By leveraging 3D printing and CNC machining, manufacturers can quickly create and test motor designs, optimizing for both efficiency and durability. This process allows for rapid iteration of complex cooling systems to prevent overheating, ensuring that all parts meet the required specifications.</p><ul><li dir="ltr" style="font-weight: bold;"><strong>Low-Volume, High-Customization Production</strong></li></ul><p dir="ltr">Battery production often requires customized solutions for challenges like efficient cooling and ensuring perfect seals. Rapid prototyping enables manufacturers to produce small batches of custom battery modules or cooling components at a lower cost. This flexibility allows for frequent design adjustments to meet the evolving demands for smaller, lighter batteries without costly retooling or manual interventions. It also ensures that material precision and sealing are tested and verified before large-scale production.</p><ul><li dir="ltr" style="font-weight: bold;"><strong>Supplier Integration for Streamlined Production</strong></li></ul><p dir="ltr">For EV manufacturers, working with a single supplier from prototype to full-scale production simplifies the process. Rapid prototyping allows seamless supplier integration, reducing the time and costs associated with switching suppliers. This ensures consistent quality and faster production, especially when developing critical components like motor housings and battery enclosures.</p><ul><li dir="ltr" style="font-weight: bold;"><strong>&nbsp;Accelerated Time-to-Market</strong></li></ul><p dir="ltr">In ECU development, where micro molds with extreme precision are essential, rapid prototyping accelerates the time-to-market by allowing manufacturers to quickly design, test, and refine intricate components like ECU casings and micro connectors. This ability to rapidly iterate and test designs ensures that production can proceed without long delays, meeting the stringent requirements for safety and performance in the fast-evolving EV market.</p><h2 dir="ltr">RPWORLD’s On-demand Manufacturing Solutions for EV Component Innovation</h2><p dir="ltr">RPWORLD offers a wide range of manufacturing services, including CNC machining, injection molding, vacuum casting, and a variety of finishing options, providing automotive customers the flexibility to select the best methods for developing and producing components. Whether for traditional ICE vehicles or EVs, our services enable rapid prototyping with the highest precision and shortest lead times. Our expertise in electric vehicle component development is extensive, offering specialized solutions for motors, batteries, and ECUs, such as:</p><ul><li dir="ltr">Precision motor housings and lamination components for optimal efficiency</li><li dir="ltr">High-quality battery pack enclosures and cooling system components</li><li dir="ltr">Custom-designed battery module connectors and management system housings</li><li dir="ltr">Detailed ECU casings and intricate micro connectors for zonal control units</li><li dir="ltr">Thermal management parts for both battery and ECU systems to ensure efficient heat dissipation</li></ul><p>As the automotive industry continues to shift toward electric vehicles, RPWORLD is proud to serve as a trusted partner, providing rapid prototyping solutions that help drive innovation and accelerate the transition to an all-electric future.<a href="https://www.rpworld.com/en/about-us/contact-us/" target="_blank">&nbsp;Let’s work together</a> to bring your EV projects to life.</p>

From the days when ICE cars saw minor updates every three years and major redesigns every five, we’ve shifted to an era where new EV models are released annually. The rapid evolution of electric vehicles is not only energizing the market, but also intensifying competition among manufacturers.

4 Ways Rapid Prototyping Accelerates Innovation in New Energy Vehicles

<p data-block-key="7idkv" id="isPasted"><strong>For humans throughout history, the sky has evoked thoughts of a vast emptiness, of a great vacant dome punctuated during the day by the sun, and at night by numerous tiny spots of light (and, periodically, by the moon). As we have ventured into space, both physically, with spacecraft, and optically, with a range of telescopic technologies, we now know that there is quite a lot of stuff up there.</strong></p><p data-block-key="7idkv"><span contenteditable="false" draggable="true" class="fr-video fr-deletable fr-fvc fr-dvb fr-draggable"><iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/MPXj6pBBrD0?&amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0&amp;enablejsapi=1&amp;origin=https://www.wevolver.com" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe></span><em>Simulations at Caltech model a new way for autonomous spacecraft to avoid collisions. This technology holds promise for autonomous vehicles on Earth as well as in space. Credit: James Ragan</em></p><p data-block-key="9l7gu">This discovery has profound implications for the aerospace industry. Imagine, for example, a multibillion-dollar autonomous spacecraft that has been carefully designed and engineered for years is launched into space with precision calculations only to lose one of its thrusters and go sailing into an asteroid.</p><p data-block-key="8vsjq">Historically, engineers have dealt with the possibility of equipment failure on board spacecraft in two main ways: First, by having a "safe mode" in which the spacecraft can do the least amount of damage to itself while scientists on the ground look at the data, make a diagnosis, and develop a solution; and second, by equipping autonomous vehicles with redundant systems. These allow a spacecraft to, for example, shut off a malfunctioning thruster and start using backup thrusters.</p><p data-block-key="928uf">However, dangerous situations may crop up in space with little warning and insufficient time for space-to-ground communications. And though redundant systems have been quite effective, they add to the expense and heft of autonomous spacecraft.</p><p data-block-key="29vpk">This is why experiments are being conducted in the laboratory of Soon-Jo Chung, Bren Professor of Control and Dynamical Systems and senior research scientist at JPL, which Caltech manages for NASA, to streamline emergency features on autonomous vehicles such that they can diagnose and safely respond to encounters with other objects in real time. With new algorithms on board, spacecraft can test their own equipment and predict which future actions are most likely to keep them operating safely.</p><p data-block-key="boege">As one of the supervisors for this project, Fred Hadaegh, research professor in aerospace at Caltech and former JPL chief technologist, explains: "Having redundant systems is not always practical. It means the spacecraft has to be bigger, heavier, and more expensive than it would be otherwise. So, the idea here is that when a spacecraft encounters a problem, it can figure out what's not working and correct or adapt to that specific fault."</p><p data-block-key="8l4es">Chung's lab houses, among other things, an advanced multispacecraft dynamics simulator facility. "The simulator occupies a large room with a really flat floor," explains James Ragan, a PhD student in the Graduate Aerospace Laboratories of the California Institute of Technology (GALCIT) and lead author of this paper. "The model spacecraft uses air bearings so that it moves across the floor with near zero friction. At rest, it seems to be floating, and if you push it in one direction, it will keep going until it hits something, which is what space dynamics are like."</p><p data-block-key="967n7">Ragan has programmed the robotic spacecraft simulator with what he and his co-authors call s-FEAST: Safe Fault Estimation via Active Sensing Tree Search. "Our s-FEAST algorithm rapidly 'dreams' about numerous possible futures that could result from actions it takes now," Ragan says. "Because the system is noisy, these futures are uncertain. There are multiple possible outcomes, which leads to a tree of possible branching futures. Each branch represents one possible way the future might happen, based on things the spacecraft controls—the test actions it selects—and also things it doesn't, such as observations coming from faulty sensors."</p><p data-block-key="3kuec">Chung adds: "What is innovative about our s-FEAST method is that we systematically solve the chicken and egg problem of estimating vehicle states, such as positions and velocities, and inferring failures or degradations, which are intrinsically coupled to one another."</p><p data-block-key="6255v">When the spacecraft detects unexpected data, it turns to the s-FEAST algorithm, which runs test actions "similar to how you might carefully test your muscles when you feel an unexpected pain, and you want to figure out just what hurts and how to avoid actions that might further injure you," Ragan explains.</p><p data-block-key="5f1hc">s-FEAST simultaneously spins out a range of possible futures and from those selects the course of action that appears most likely to diagnose what went wrong and also to avoid danger. In the case of this model, danger amounts to a collision course with an asteroid.</p><p data-block-key="5f1hc"><span contenteditable="false" draggable="true" class="fr-video fr-deletable fr-fvc fr-dvb fr-draggable"><iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/aJ04dlgaP0o?&amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0&amp;enablejsapi=1&amp;origin=https://www.wevolver.com" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe></span></p><p data-block-key="c42k3" id="isPasted">"The key idea here is that s-FEAST isn't replacing all spacecraft operations. It's your emergency response," Ragan says. "The spacecraft receives an internal signal that something is wrong, so s-FEAST takes over all the spacecraft's computing power to quickly assess what's going on and take remedial action. Once the danger is pinpointed and addressed, s-FEAST hands control back to the spacecraft's ordinary computing environment."</p><p data-block-key="21bts">s-FEAST can also be used proactively. Say an autonomous spacecraft is about to take on a particularly risky or mission-critical action; s-FEAST can run a testing cycle to ensure that all systems are working properly before this action.</p><p data-block-key="i938">Chung and his co-authors envision that the proposed method will establish a new way of making expensive space exploration safer and more cost effective. "Space systems make autonomous operations necessary since we cannot grab and fix spacecraft and Mars helicopters operating in a world far away from us," Chung says. "Space is our ultimate ‘proving ground' for any autonomy research we do for Earth-based vehicle systems."</p><p data-block-key="2h1jc">Not surprisingly, the s-FEAST algorithm that worked on the spacecraft simulator was adapted by the team to work on a ground track vehicle as well. Both experiments were successful, so s-FEAST technology holds great promise for autonomous vehicles on Earth as well as in space.</p><p data-block-key="9nhap">"<a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.adn4722" target="_blank">Online Tree-based Planning for Active Spacecraft Fault Estimation and Collision Avoidance</a>" is published in&nbsp;<em>Science Robotics</em> as an online feature article. A preliminary version of this paper received the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.eas.caltech.edu/news/jimmy-ragan-and-benjamin-rivi%C3%A8re-receive-2023-aiaa-guidance-navigation-and-control-best-graduate-student-paper-award" target="_blank">2023 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) Guidance, Navigation, and Control Best Graduate Student Paper Award</a>. Co-authors are Ragan, Caltech postdoc Benjamin Rivière (PhD '24), Hadaegh, and Chung. This work is funded by the Aerospace Corporation, JPL, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Learning Introspective Control program, and the Technology Innovation Institute.</p>

Simulations at Caltech model a new way for autonomous spacecraft to avoid collisions. This technology holds promise for autonomous vehicles on Earth as well as in space.

A New Approach to Autonomous Vehicle Safety

<p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Advanced onboard diagnostics (OBD) systems play a vital role in monitoring, capable of logging data over time and monitoring the vehicle's performance in real-time. This feature allows for a comprehensive analysis of the car's condition and can help in predicting potential failures. Additionally this data can assist in monitoring vehicle emissions and ensuring compliance with global regulations.</p><p dir="ltr">Organized by SAE International, On-Board Diagnostics Symposium-Europe event brings together industry stakeholders and government representatives to promote dialogue and explore the latest developments in OBD technology and regulations. The symposium provides a unique platform for attendees to stay informed and gain insights into the future of the automotive industry.</p><p dir="ltr">Over the course of three days, participants will explore a wide range of topics, from current and changing OBD global emissions rules and regulations to emerging technologies impacting markets worldwide. The symposium's agenda promises to deliver valuable knowledge and actionable strategies for dealing with OBD systems.</p><table style="width: 100%;"><tbody><tr><td style="width: 100%;"><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted"><strong>What:&nbsp;</strong>On-Board Diagnostics Symposium-Europe</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>When:</strong> March 11 to 13, 2025, in Porto, Portugal.</p><p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.sae.org/attend/obd-europe" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Read more about the event</a>.</p></td></tr></tbody></table><h2 dir="ltr"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzI1ODk2MzM2NTU3LW9yZGluYXJ5LmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></h2><h2 dir="ltr">On-Board Diagnostics Symposium – Europe</h2><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">The On-Board Diagnostics Symposium-Europe will be held from 11 to 13 March 2025 in Porto, Portugal. This event is organized by SAE International, a respected name in the automotive industry known for its commitment to advancing mobility technology.</p><p dir="ltr">Porto, a city rich in history and culture, provides a fitting backdrop for this important gathering. The venue is conveniently located, making it easy for attendees to access both the symposium and the city’s many attractions.</p><p dir="ltr">The symposium will bring together professionals, researchers, and industry leaders from around the world to discuss the latest trends and challenges in On-Board Diagnostics (OBD). Over three days, attendees will have the opportunity to engage in insightful presentations, panel discussions, and workshops, all focused on the future of OBD technology.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Key Sessions of the Symposium</h3><p dir="ltr">The On-Board Diagnostics Symposium-Europe will feature a variety of key sessions designed to provide valuable insights and practical knowledge.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Here are some of the main topics that will be covered:</p><h4 dir="ltr">1. OBD Global Emissions Rules &amp; Regulations</h4><p dir="ltr">This session will focus on the latest updates from important regulatory bodies like CARB, EPA, and the European Commission. Participants will learn about the current emissions standards and the changes that are on the horizon. Understanding these regulations is vital for compliance and innovation in the automotive industry.</p><h4 dir="ltr">2. Technical Applications and Solutions</h4><p dir="ltr">In this session, experts will discuss the practical applications of on-board diagnostics technology. They will address potential challenges in implementing regulations and share ideas on how to solve them. This information will help participants apply what they learn to real-world situations.</p><h4 dir="ltr">3. Emerging Technologies</h4><p dir="ltr">This session will highlight new technologies that are shaping the future of automotive diagnostics. Participants will explore innovations that can improve powertrain diagnostics and reduce emissions. Staying informed about these technologies is essential for anyone looking to lead in the industry.</p><h4 dir="ltr">4. Intent of Regulations</h4><p dir="ltr">Attendees will also explore the goals behind OBD regulations and their impact on emissions reduction. By understanding the purpose of these rules, participants can better align their strategies with the broader objectives of environmental sustainability and public health.</p><h4 dir="ltr">5. Industry Drivers</h4><p dir="ltr">The symposium will analyze market trends that influence OBD technology and regulations. Attendees will gain insights into consumer demand, technological advancements, and other factors shaping the automotive industry. This knowledge can help them anticipate future changes and adapt their strategies accordingly.</p><h4 dir="ltr">6. Legislative Policies &amp; Standards</h4><p dir="ltr">Understanding the intent behind regulations is important for compliance. This session will explore the legislative policies that influence the automotive sector. Participants will gain insights into how these policies are developed and their impact on the industry.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Benefits of Attending the Symposium</h2><p dir="ltr">Attending the On-Board Diagnostics Symposium-Europe offers many valuable benefits for participants. Here are some key advantages:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Educational Opportunities: Participants will have access to expert-led sessions that cover the latest guidelines and innovations in on-board diagnostics. These sessions will provide insights into how to improve existing systems and develop new products that meet current and future regulations.&nbsp;</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Networking: The symposium is a great place to connect with peers and industry leaders. Participants can meet professionals from various sectors, including regulators, OEMs, and research groups. This networking can lead to valuable partnerships and collaborations. It also provides a chance to find mentors who can guide young engineers in their careers.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Future Trends: The event will focus on emerging trends in the automotive industry. Participants will gain insights into the future of heavy-duty vehicles and how to adapt to changes in technology and regulations.&nbsp;</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Professional Growth:&nbsp;For young engineers, attending the symposium is an important step for professional development. They will learn about the latest advancements and best practices in the industry. This knowledge can enhance their skills and boost their careers.</p></li></ul><h2 dir="ltr">Who Should Attend?</h2><p dir="ltr">The On-Board Diagnostics Symposium-Europe is ideal for professionals across the automotive industry. This includes engineers, regulators, OEMs, research groups, and industry partners.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Whether you are looking to stay updated on the latest OBD technologies, understand evolving regulations, or network with industry leaders, this event offers valuable insights and opportunities for everyone involved in vehicle diagnostics and compliance. Young engineers, in particular, will find the symposium beneficial for advancing their careers and staying competitive in the field.</p><h2 dir="ltr">A key event for the automotive industry</h2><p dir="ltr">The On-Board Diagnostics Symposium-Europe is an unmissable event for anyone involved in the automotive industry. With its focus on the latest regulations, technologies, and best practices in OBD systems, this symposium offers a unique opportunity to enhance your knowledge and network with industry leaders. Whether you are a young engineer eager to learn or a seasoned professional looking to stay ahead of the curve, this event will provide valuable insights and connections.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Visit the event page to read more about the OBD Event program and to sign up for updates about when the registration for the event opens. Don’t miss out on your chance to be part of the conversation shaping the future of sustainable transport!</p><p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.sae.org/attend/obd-europe" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="button-main-action">Visit event page</a></p>

The "On-Board Diagnostics Symposium-Europe," taking place on March 11-13, 2025, in Porto, Portugal, will gather leading professionals from the automotive industry to explore the latest developments and strategies for advancing vehicle diagnostics and compliance with global regulations.

Shaping the Future of Automotive Diagnostics: OBD-EU Symposium 2025

To successfully create durable smart devices, you need to begin with the stresses they will face.  Learn about the common issues smart city applications must overcome every day. 

Designing Rugged PCBAs for Smart City Applications

In this episode, we explore how Robuscope is reimagining the future of AI testing, offering groundbreaking solutions for improving the accuracy and reliability of artificial intelligence systems. 

Podcast: Here's a Free Tool To Test Your AI

In this episode, we explore the groundbreaking achievement of AI-directed driverless drifting by Stanford Engineering and Toyota Research Institute and discover how this collaboration is pushing the boundaries of autonomous vehicle technology, setting a milestone in the field of AI-powered driving.

Podcast: Stanford & Toyota Drift Cars With AI

<p><br></p><section><p>Electric bicycles (e-bikes) are gaining traction as a key tool in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the urban environment. They provide an eco-friendly option that aligns with the ambitious climate goals set by many cities and regions.</p><p>Prof. Nicola Bianchi <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/1/160" target="_blank">defines e-bikes as light hybrid vehicles</a> that combine human and electric power. An e-bike's design includes system, mechanical, and electrical components. Within the electrical aspect, the PCBA is crucial for managing motor controls and battery operations while providing the necessary infrastructure for smart connectivity and advanced safety features.</p><p>The surge in e-bike popularity is not just because of their innovative designs but also due to a combination of efficiency, affordability, and health benefits. Projections estimate that e-bike sales will reach an impressive USD <a href="https://www.statista.com/statistics/1261084/global-e-bike-market-forecast/" target="_blank">62.3 billion</a> by 2030.</p><p>This article explores how electronics, especially PCBAs, contribute to the success of e-bikes today.</p><img data-fr-image-pasted="true" src="https://www.macrofab.com/assets/uploads/blog/chart94320473852.webp" alt="Chart94320473852" class="fr-fic fr-dii"><h2><p>The E-bike System</p></h2><p>The e-bike system primarily comprises four components: the battery, power converter, controller, and electric motor.</p><h5>Battery</h5><img data-fr-image-pasted="true" src="https://www.macrofab.com/assets/uploads/blog/1irowpeutiw5u.webp" alt="1irowpeutiw5u" class="fr-fic fr-dii"><p>E-bikes mostly use lithium-ion batteries due to their power density, efficiency, and long life. Typical battery packs used by e-bikes provide voltages between 36 V and 48 V. Modern designs integrate the battery into the bicycle frame, enhancing durability by shielding it from external conditions such as moisture and dust.</p><p>Given the lithium-ion battery's sensitivity to temperature and charging limits, a battery PCB protection board, or a PCB-based Battery Management System (BMS), is essential. The BMS oversees charging and discharging, monitors the state of charge (SOC) and health, and maintains battery balance, thereby optimizing its lifespan.</p><img data-fr-image-pasted="true" src="https://www.macrofab.com/assets/uploads/blog/2uirghrefjosfhuri.webp" alt="2uirghrefjosfhuri" class="fr-fic fr-dii"><h5>Power Converter</h5><p>The power converter, often referred to as the Electronic Speed Controller (ESC), is a vital component in the e-bike's electrical system. The ESC connects to both the battery and the motor. It converts the battery's DC output into a three-phase AC waveform suitable for the brushless DC motor.</p><p>Modern ESC PCBAs may also support regenerative braking, allowing energy captured during braking to be fed back into the battery.</p><h5>Electric Motor</h5><p>E-bikes use electric motors for propulsion, mainly brushless DC motors (BLDC) and brushless AC motors.</p><p>The <a href="https://www.macrofab.com/box-build-assembly/" target="_blank">PCB box-build</a> for the BLDC system includes the control logic driven by a microcontroller, a power stage with switching devices like power MOSFETs and IGBTs, and sensors necessary for closed-loop control.</p><p>BLDC motors offer several advantages: they have an extended lifespan, emit lower electromagnetic interference (EMI), operate quietly, and provide a favorable torque-to-size ratio.</p><p>There's also a rising interest in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). These AC motors stand out as high-performance traction solutions for e-bikes, notably for their superior torque density, especially at reduced speeds.</p><h5>Control Unit</h5><p>In e-bikes, the <a href="https://www.macrofab.com/blog/power-control-product-starting-stopping-electrons/" target="_blank">control unit</a> is the "brain." A core component of the control unit's PCBA is a microcontroller. It integrates inputs from the user (through control buttons or a display interface), sensors, and feedback from the motor to determine how much power to deliver to the motor.</p><p>For instance, the microcontroller interfaces with hall-effect sensors in the motor, obtaining real-time data on motor position or rotor angle. Using this data, the microcontroller directs power MOSFET switches to effectively drive the motor.</p><p>The e-bike controller governs power distribution, ranging from zero up to the motor's peak rating. It supports various modes—from energy-conserving 'eco' to high-performance 'sport'—adjusting power assistance based on rider preference. Additionally, riders can access data like battery status, distance covered, and diagnostic features via a dedicated display.</p><p>Motor performance depends on the control logic adopted. Two prevalent methods are:</p><img data-fr-image-pasted="true" src="https://www.macrofab.com/assets/uploads/blog/3lakjdfiunjklgkjsfk.webp" alt="3lakjdfiunjklgkjsfk" class="fr-fic fr-dii"><h6>Control-Assisted Power Method:</h6><p>In this method, the motor lends a helping hand by providing constant, predetermined power once a certain pedal torque (the effort exerted by the rider) is sensed. It's straightforward to implement, but there's a downside: the motor delivers the same level of assistance no matter the terrain or the rider's physical state. This lack of adaptability might result in a less comfortable ride or safety concerns, especially if the conditions change.</p><h6>Proportion-Assisted Power Method:</h6><p>This approach adjusts the motor's assistance based on the e-bike's speed. When traveling below a certain speed threshold, the motor matches the rider's effort. However, as the bike's speed increases and approaches its maximum limit, the motor gradually dials back its support. At top speeds, the motor refrains from assisting altogether.</p><h2><p>Integration with IoT: Beyond Just a Ride</p></h2><p>Modern PCBAs integrate specialized chips and modules, enabling e-bikes to connect to larger networks through Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or cellular connections, thus transforming them into smart bikes. A smart bike is considered an object (Thing) that is linked to the internet, or an “Internet of Things” (IoT).</p><p>IoT refers to the vast network of interconnected devices that communicate and exchange data with each other over the internet. IoT's real power lies in the data it collects. When analyzed, this data can provide insights, drive decision-making, or automate processes without human intervention.</p><p>In essence, e-bikes embedded with IoT functionalities combine the physical capabilities of traditional bicycles with the data-centric advantages of connected devices.</p><p>Consider this: You leave your smart bike outside a café. Upon locking it, the security mode engages. If someone attempts to tamper with the lock while you're away, the bike's motion sensors pick up the unauthorized activity.</p><p>The bike's processing unit interprets this as a potential theft and sends an alert signal to a cloud server using its WiFi module. The cloud server then pushes a notification to your smartphone app, also using WiFi technology. Concurrently, the bike's GPS starts sending its location to the server, updating your phone in real-time.</p><p>With the alert, you're prompted to check on your bike. If, by chance, the bike were taken, the GPS data would aid you or authorities in its retrieval.</p><p>This example underscores how an IoT-integrated smart bike can seamlessly communicate and share data with another device, like your smartphone, over the internet.</p><p>Some use cases, such as bike-sharing systems transmitting large data sets to a central cloud server for processing, can introduce unacceptable delays. In such cases, the smart bikes are equipped with highly integrated PCBAs to perform edge computing.</p><p>Edge computing allows data processing directly on local devices, or "at the edge.” It's possible to make swift, real-time decisions without waiting for distant servers to respond.</p><h2><p>AI &amp; E-bikes: Smart Rides for a Smart World</p></h2><p>Artificial Intelligence (AI) involves designing machines to execute tasks that typically require human intelligence. A key aspect of AI, Machine Learning (ML), empowers computers to learn from data without direct programming. Rather than coding for every possible scenario, ML systems use algorithms to parse data, learn from it, and then perform predictions or data categorizations they have not seen before.</p><p>The backbone of AI and ML is the specialized electronic hardware that runs these advanced algorithms. Major corporations and emerging start-ups alike have unveiled Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Graphics Processing Units (GPUs), and Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) to meet ML's unique needs.</p><p>Custom PCBAs are then integrated with these specific components to offer a compact and efficient solution for devices that require AI capabilities. A prime example is e-bikes. Modern e-bikes that use these highly integrated PCBAs with edge-machine learning capabilities can now:</p><ul><li>Optimize battery usage by analyzing the rider's behavior and route terrains (Adaptive Battery Management).</li><li>Forecast when parts need attention using both historical and real-time data (Predictive Maintenance).</li><li>Modify settings, such as pedal-assist levels, based on the rider's preferences (Personalized Riding Profiles).</li></ul><p>Numerous studies emphasize the transformative role of AI-based PCBAs in the e-bike industry. One study shows how acceleration data, when processed by an AI algorithm, <a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9430996" target="_blank">can detect early signs of brake wear in smart bikes</a>.</p><p>Another study uses AI to <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/2/468" target="_blank">convert e-bikes into advanced health monitoring tools</a>. E-bikes already play a role in promoting physical activity during commutes. They help riders meet the WHO's weekly recommendation of 150 minutes moderate exercise. Building on this health-centric feature, many contemporary e-bikes have sensors that record detailed health metrics.</p><p>This collected data can be processed directly on the e-bike through edge computing using AI modules. Alternatively, via IoT technology, e-bikes can transmit the raw sensor data to remote servers for data analysis.</p><p>This intricate data processing enables the e-bike to access the rider's vital health information. Based on the e-bike's intended purpose, this data can then be shared with stakeholders such as medical professionals, researchers, and athletic trainers.</p><h2><p>AR &amp; VR for E-bike Repair and Training</p></h2><img data-fr-image-pasted="true" src="https://www.macrofab.com/assets/uploads/blog/4iougnui56nbkj3.webp" alt="4iougnui56nbkj3" class="fr-fic fr-dii"><p>When an e-bike malfunctions, diagnosing the issue can be a time-consuming process. With Augmented Reality (AR), mechanics can overlay real-time diagnostic data on the e-bike's components using AR glasses or mobile devices. For instance, by just looking at the battery or motor, mechanics can view real-time voltage, current, or temperature readings.</p><p>For intricate repairs, AR provides direct, step-by-step instructions on the e-bike, from animated component replacements to immediate feedback on connections. In especially challenging situations, an engineer can leverage AR to share their viewpoint with a remote expert, receiving guidance through annotations or overlaid instructions.</p><p>Virtual Reality (VR) offers engineers immersive training modules, enabling them to virtually disassemble an e-bike, recognize parts, and grasp their functions, thus preventing real-world damage. Moreover, VR scenario-based training immerses engineers in varied fault simulations, offering hands-on troubleshooting experiences—a marked improvement over conventional classroom training.</p><h2><p>Conclusion</p></h2><p>E-bikes represent the forefront of eco-friendly transportation, integrating cutting-edge technologies like IoT, AI, edge machine learning, AR, and VR. These technologies enhance the user experience and reshape e-bike repair and training.<br>Highly integrated PCBAs are fundamental to e-bike advancements, integrating modern technologies. Yet, as e-bike functionalities grow, the demands on these PCBAs intensify, making their design, installation, and maintenance increasingly intricate.<br>Engineers and designers face a challenge. Staying current with these evolving technologies, constantly pushing the envelope, and innovating is essential. E-bikes will thrive in the future if we combine technology with sustainability.</p></section><p><a href="https://www.macrofab.com/blog.rss" target="_blank"></a></p><h4>Do You Need PCBAs for Your E-bike Project?</h4><p><a href="https://factory.macrofab.com/quick_quote/?utm_source=direct&utm_medium=none" target="_blank">Get an instant quote now</a></p>

E-bikes combine the physical capabilities of traditional bicycles with the data-centric advantages of connected devices. Learn about some of their design challenges. 

Electronics in Motion: How Innovations are Redefining E-bike Experiences

Rotor and Stator Detail of Electric DC Motor

This article delves into the intricacies of DC motor operation, exploring the key components, core mechanisms, types, and their interactions to produce rotational motion.

How Does a DC Motor Work? Unveiling the Power Behind Electric Motion

<p id="isPasted">InDro has taken the wraps off its latest innovation – the all-new Sentinel Uncrewed Ground Vehicle.</p><p>Sentinel has been built for inspection, remote teleoperation and surveillance over 5G and 4G networks. Its robust build has been designed to take demanding weather and ground conditions in stride, while capturing virtually any kind of data across a broad range of use-cases.</p><p>“That’s what really excites me about Sentinel,” says Head of R&amp;D Sales <a href="mailto:lcorbeth@indrorobotics.com" target="_blank">Luke Corbeth</a>. “It can be used across multiple verticals, ranging from remotely inspecting assets like electrical sub-stations, through to agriculture, mining and more. It’s a workhorse.”</p><p>We could list all the sensors and processors onboard (and we will), but it’s the synergy here that counts.</p><p>“Sentinel has been very purposely designed and integrated so that virtually anyone can carry out highly complex missions with ease,” explains InDro Vice President Peter King. “And with our InDro Autonomy stack onboard, Sentinel can carry out tasks completely on its own for up to four hours before returning to wirelessly recharge at its base.”</p><p>That workhorse is the result of a lot of R&amp;D by our Area X.O engineering team – and also the logical step forward from our original Sentinel V1. That was our original design for remote teleoperated inspection.</p><p>But, as you likely know by now, at InDro the innovation never stops.</p><p><em>Below: The new InDro Sentinel, carrying out an autonomous mission</em><em><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzI0MDkyNDY1Mjc4LURTQ0Y3NzcwLXNjYWxlZC5qcGcud2VicCIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib" alt="Sentinel Inspection and Monitoring Robot"></em></p><h3 id="isPasted">InDro Commander: Smart and Versatile</h3><p>What truly sets Sentinel apart from the competition is the synergy of two innovations we’re quite proud of: <a href="https://indrorobotics.ca/indro-commander-module-streamlines-robotics-rd/" target="_blank">InDro Commander</a> and <a href="https://indrorobotics.ca/new-indro-controller-a-simple-solution-to-complex-robotics-missions/" target="_blank">InDro Controller</a>. And while Sentinel takes full advantage of these products, they are both robot-agnostic.</p><p>InDro Commander is a module that houses Sentinel’s brain – and allows for the seamless integration and power management of other sensors. With multiple USB slots and ROS1 and ROS2 libraries onboard, it makes modifying Sentinel a pleasure rather than a pain. You can, quite simply, plug in a new sensor and it will be detected; no complex coding or wiring required.</p><p>“Having Commander on board allows clients to easily modify their robots with different sensors for different applications. This is particularly appealing to those in the R&amp;D community,” says Engineering Lead Arron Griffiths.</p><p>Commander also connects with 5G at near-zero latency for remote teleoperations or monitoring dense data during autonomous missions.</p><p>“Whether it’s 4G, 5G or WiFi, it does it all,” he adds.</p><p>With two state-of-the-art EDGE processors onboard, Commander also has the compute power and AI to take on anything. For autonomy, we’ve integrated the <a href="https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/autonomous-machines/embedded-systems/jetson-orin/" target="_blank">NVIDIA Jetson AGX Orin</a> – a powerful 64GB developer kit. It’s capable of AI calculations at the astounding speed of 275 trillion operations per second (TOPS). Our InDro Autonomy Stack is embedded in Commander for precision autonomous missions. We’ve also outfitted Sentinel with a Realtime Kinematic (RTK) sensor for centimetre-level positioning accuracy.</p><p>The other EDGE processor is the <a href="https://www.stereolabs.com/en-ca/products/zed-box" target="_blank">ZED Box</a>, which contains an NVIDIA Orin NX (100 TOPS). This carries out multiple tasks, but is specially built to work with depth-perception ZED cameras. There are two of these cameras on board Sentinel, used for AI obstacle detection and avoidance.</p><p><em>Below: A LiDAR-equipped InDro Commander module</em><em><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzI0MDkyNTEwNzU4LUluRHJvLUNvbW1hbmRlci0xLjYtY29weS5qcGcud2VicCIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib" alt="InDro Commander"></em></p><h3 id="isPasted">InDro Controller At The Helm</h3><p>InDro Controller is our custom-built dashboard, and it’s been designed to match perfectly with InDro Commander for an exceedingly powerful but user-friendly means of programming and monitoring missions, robot health, sensor data and more. Operators can easily customize to get precisely the layout they want.</p><p>“The dashboard, the cameras, the heads-up display on the autonomous missions – those all can be customised,” says Front End Developer RJ Bundy. “We’re also adding other&nbsp;personal user customisations, like a light and dark mode, metric conversion, schedule missions – all the kinds of features you could want.”</p><p>The software resides in Commander and is accessed remotely via an encrypted login system. No one will ever see your missions and data except you – and those you grant the same secure access. (Yes, multiple users can simultaneously monitor a remote operation from locations across the country or across the globe.)</p><p>“We’ve created an interface that makes it very hard for a third party to intercept any of those commands or the data coming from the robot to you,” says Bundy.</p><p>And while it’s a perfect fit with Sentinel, InDro Controller can be used with any robot.</p><p>“It’s an all-in-one data visualization, robot management and robot control software,” he adds. “Whether&nbsp;you’re a student first learning how to use a robot or you’re a commercial giant, you’d be able to manage and maintain all of your robots.”</p><p>He’s not kidding. You can intuitively control Sentinel – or any other robot – using an Xbox controller. We’ve done demonstrations more than 4,000 km away from Area X.O where we’ve simply put a controller in someone’s hands. With imperceptible lag, they’re able to operate the robot. (Plus, you can customise the buttons for specific sensor features like pan, tilt, zoom, etc.)</p><p>Autonomous missions – including complex actions like stopping at a precise location, tilting a camera to a gauge and then zooming in and capturing the readout – are easily plotted using Controller. Once your mission has been set with multiple waypoints and actions, it’s a single click to repeat it. (And, of course, you can save as many different missions as required.)</p><p>The InDro Autonomy stacks are pre-loaded, meaning location doesn’t really matter.</p><p>“We have a GPS-based autonomy – which is better for outdoors – and then we have a SLAM- (Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping) based autonomy which is ideal for indoors,” says Head of R&amp;D Sales Corbeth.</p><p>There are actually two versions of InDro Controller available; a simpler version is still full-featured but does not ship with InDro Autonomy, meaning it’s ideal for those in the R&amp;D space who want to test their own autonomy software. Several academic institutions have already been using this version, and feedback has been excellent.</p><p>And the best news? Both versions will only become even more sophisticated over time.</p><p>“We’re heavily invested in continuously improving the software,” says Corbeth. “So regardless of which version you’re shipped, know that this is something that InDro Robotics is constantly developing and improving with client feedback in mind to ultimately provide the best mission planning, teleoperations and development software tool in the robotics industry.”</p><p><em>Below: A screenshot from InDro Controller, showing the path of an autonomous mission; the second image shows realtime data flowing through its customizable dashboard</em><em><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1724093227785-Autonomy-Ghosts.png-copy.jpg.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib" alt="InDro Controller Dashboard"></em><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1724093240664-Dashboard.png-copy.jpg.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib" alt="InDro Controller Dashboard"></p><h3 id="isPasted">Long Duration, Repeatable Missions</h3><p>It’s already clear Sentinel has the brains. But it also has the brawn to match. Whether the task is inspection, surveillance or other forms of data acquisition, Sentinel has been designed from the ground up to consistently deliver. Featuring a 1500-watt dual drive system and tracks for locomotion, it’s ready for any terrain – from industrial environments through to farm fields and even snow and ice.</p><p>With a 120kg load capacity and 30° climbing angle, Sentinel can power its way over pretty much anything. We’ve even designed and manufactured custom metal guards to prevent stones from getting their way between the drive gears and the treads – a common issue with tracked vehicles.</p><p>That strength is supplemented by a comprehensive array of sensors for obstacle detection, Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM), high-resolution photos and video – and more.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>Zoom, Zoom, Zoom</h3><p>For starters, there’s a 30x optical Point-Tilt-Zoom camera that can be manually operated via the InDro Controller UI. Every time the pilot stops and captures data, all of that information – robot position, camera angle, zoom settings etc. are stored as a Point of Interest. All of those POIs from that initial manual mission are saved, meaning the next time Sentinel is deployed the operator can simply recall the mission and launch Sentinel for an autonomous run.</p><p>In fact, we recently did a demo of Sentinel for a government official. We had previously captured photos of five different objects on a path at Area X.O and had saved that mission. During the demo, the robot deployed and autonomously stopped at all five locations, replicating the original shots. This is the kind of feature that’s exceedingly helpful for spotting anomalies, change detection, etc. Of course, the built-in AI can also identify people, cars, trucks, etc. (In fact, we could set Sentinel to trigger an alert if a human is spotted somewhere they’re not supposed to be, a useful feature for both safety and security applications.)</p><p>For the operator, whether they’re manually piloting or simply monitoring an autonomous mission, four pinhole cameras provide a 360° view of surroundings for situational awareness. Two ZED 3D depth cameras (one at the front, one at the rear) are on the constant lookout for obstacles. As an additional layer of safety, engineers added two 2D safety-rated LiDAR sensors specifically for detecting people or other objects that might unexpectedly move into Sentinel’s path. If that happens, the robot will automatically stop, then seek an alternate path around the person or object. (It can also be set to simply go to a dead stop.)</p><p>Sentinel is also outfitted with two powerful Robosense 3D LiDAR units, enabling it to operate in GPS-denied environments, capture precision scans – and basically understand even a completely unfamiliar environment. Robosense has become our LiDAR of choice, for the reasons outlined in <a href="https://indrorobotics.ca/robosense-sets-new-bar-for-affordable-powerful-lidar-sensors/" target="_blank">this recent post</a>.</p><p><em>Below: InDro recently built and shipped this fleet for swarm robotics research; all are equipped with Robosense LiDAR units</em><em><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1724093295010-Image-1-3-scaled.jpeg.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib" alt="Swarm Robotics Research Robots"></em><br></p><h3 id="isPasted">Wireless Self-Charging</h3><p>Using Sentinel for remote ops? Many of our clients will be. And there’s not much point in deploying a robot at a remote location if someone has to go and plug it in to charge or run diagnostics.</p><p>Sentinel returns autonomously to its home base, where a wireless charger awaits. The robot understands where it needs to position itself for optimal charging, snugging up close to (but not touching) the induction charging system. Many remotely operated robots rely on making a mechanical connection with charging equipment, which introduces wear-and-tear and additional points of failure.</p><p>“Mechanical charging systems fail a lot, and we wanted to avoid that,” explains InDro VP Peter King.</p><p><a href="https://indrorobotics.ca/new-indro-controller-a-simple-solution-to-complex-robotics-missions/" target="_blank">InDro Controller</a> also carries out diagnostics remotely, reporting back on parameters such as latency, battery strength, sensor connection and other indicators of overall robot health. The operator can literally be hundreds (or even thousands) of kilometres from the robot and see its condition with a quick glance at the UI.</p><p>“Sentinel can be customised for any client directly by us,” says Engineering Lead Arron Griffiths. “But having Commander on board allows clients to easily modify their robots with different sensors for different applications. This is particularly appealing to those in the R&amp;D community.”</p><p><em>Below: On the shoulders of giants – the original Sentinel V 1.0. InDro has incorporated new AI compute power, sensors and other learnings to take a massive leap forward</em><em><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1724093341924-DSCF3838-jpg.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib" alt="Original Sentinel"></em><br></p><h3 id="isPasted">InDro's Take</h3><p>The new Sentinel is more powerful, and more suitable to broader use-cases, than our first version of this robot. Don’t get us wrong; the original Sentinel was (and still is) a great machine. But this version is equipped with more powerful EDGE processing, and AI with greater capabilities. It’s also laden with additional and newer sensors, RTK positioning, and a more powerful base platform.</p><p>“The new Sentinel is a perfect fusion of industry-leading hardware and software – including InDro Commander, and the new InDro Controller and InDro Autonomy stacks,” says Indro Robotics Founder and CEO Philip Reece. “Our engineering team has put a lot of thought into making this robot capable of highly complex missions – yet easy to use and modify. Sentinel will be a perfect fit for multiple verticals and use-cases, and we look forward to our first deployments.”</p><p>Want to learn more about Sentinel – or even arrange to take it for a remote test drive? You can contact Head of R&amp;D Sales Luke Corbeth<a href="https://indrorobotics.ca/connectwithanexpert/" target="_blank">&nbsp;here</a>.</p>

Robust robot built for demanding weather and ground conditions, while capturing virtually any kind of data across a broad range of use-cases.

Remote Inspection, Teleoperation and Surveillance over 5G and 4G Networks

Understanding the theoretical principles, real-life implementations, maintenance, and  preventive measures for open and closed circuits and navigating the differences between open circuit vs short circuit

Open Circuit vs Short Circuit: Core Differences between Open and Closed Circuit

<p id="isPasted">This article was discussed in our <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/profile/the.next.byte" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Next Byte podcast</a>.&nbsp;</p><p><span contenteditable="false" draggable="true" class="fr-video fr-deletable fr-fvc fr-dvb fr-draggable"><iframe height="200px" width="100%" frameborder="no" scrolling="no" seamless="" src="https://player.simplecast.com/270862db-fef1-42ce-8710-bb98f6e896b3?dark=false" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe></span><br></p><p>The full article will continue below.</p><hr><h2>Tl;DR</h2><p>Fraunhofer Institute's Robuscope provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating the robustness and safety of AI models, ensuring dependable AI applications.</p><h2>Overview</h2><p>The integration of AI models into critical applications—from autonomous driving to medical diagnostics—necessitates thorough validation to ensure their robustness and safety.&nbsp;</p><p>Traditional testing methods are often inadequate to capture the full range of real-world conditions these models will face. The Fraunhofer Institute has introduced Robuscope, a tool designed to rigorously evaluate AI models. This development is crucial for enhancing the reliability of AI systems, which in turn can prevent failures and improve safety in various high-stakes environments.</p><h2>Fraunhofer Institute</h2><p>The Fraunhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS is a leading research organization dedicated to advancing AI and cognitive systems.&nbsp;</p><p>Robuscope is led by key figures including Karsten Roscher, the Department Head of Perception and Imaging, and Anna Guderitz, the Head of Business Development. Their leadership and expertise underscore the institute's dedication to advancing AI safety and reliability.<br><span contenteditable="false" draggable="true" class="fr-video fr-deletable fr-fvc fr-dvb fr-draggable fr-active"><iframe src="https://c8056756.sibforms.com/serve/MUIFALkfH6sHm0PhgjOdf-A3a5im2wlA4nqaKD9YAAUIzVeXNxunIDvjpxguE0chxmsTCpStIc50Yt6yNbfyjS2pH4r0runZJkLimSEF68pQl2k36X5NK7ob4s89UaGdy192tfsSLKChucCwhS8KSN9_LCHx4aLzkteU_nutPS9IB1r1-o5COxrGtS9fAA4lNCwJPIsbUCE47fCT" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" allowfullscreen="" style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; width: 830px; height: 402px;" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"><span class="fr-mk" style="display: none;">&nbsp;</span></iframe></span></p><h2>Meet Robuscope</h2><p id="isPasted">Robuscope is an innovative tool that focuses on the rigorous evaluation of AI models to gauge their robustness. The tool encompasses a comprehensive testing framework that allows users to input test data - with as little as 30 data points - for testing their model without requiring sensitive data. By employing these methods, Robuscope identifies potential weaknesses and failure points that may not be evident in standard testing procedures while offloading the tedious task of manual testing.</p><p><br></p><p>The tool also offers an online interface for users to submit their AI models and receive detailed reports on their robustness. This allows developers to gain insights into how their models perform under different scenarios and make necessary adjustments to enhance their reliability. The Fraunhofer Institute's approach with Robuscope ensures that AI models are thoroughly vetted before deployment in critical applications like analyzing CAT/MRI scans or autonomous driving.</p><h2>Impact</h2><p id="isPasted">The introduction of Robuscope has significant implications for the development and deployment of AI technologies.</p><p><strong>Positive Impact:</strong></p><ul><li><strong>Enhanced Safety:</strong> Rigorous testing ensures that AI models used in critical applications, such as autonomous vehicles and medical devices, are reliable and less prone to failures, thereby improving safety.</li><li><strong>Increased Trust:</strong> Providing detailed evaluations of AI model performance builds trust in AI systems, encouraging broader adoption across various industries.</li><li><strong>Proactive Improvement:</strong> Developers can identify and address potential issues early, leading to continuous improvements in AI model robustness.</li></ul><p><strong>Negative Impact:</strong></p><ul><li><strong>Online:</strong> Users do not have to input sensitive data for testing their models but certain models might require sensitive data for thorough testing and the online nature of this tool would likely be a limiting factor for those use cases.</li></ul><p>Overall, Robuscope represents a significant step forward in AI testing, offering a robust solution to ensure the reliability and safety of AI applications. This innovation not only improves the performance of AI systems but also builds confidence in their use, facilitating their integration into critical sectors.</p>

Researchers at Fraunhofer Institute have developed a free, online tool for testing the robustness of AI models

AI Testing Reimagined with Robuscope

<p><a href="http://www.duraauto.com/" target="_blank" id="isPasted">DURA Automotive Systems</a> is a global automotive supplier headquartered in Auburn Hills, Michigan, specializing in the design, engineering, and manufacturing of solutions that drive the evolution of mobility. With a legacy comprising more than 100 years of inspired invention, the company is recognized by leading vehicle manufacturers as the preferred supplier partner for innovative, highly integrated, mechatronic driver control systems, lightweight structural body systems, and a portfolio of precision-manufactured automotive products.</p><h2 id="isPasted">Ultramodern Manufacturing Facility</h2><p>The world-class Muscle Shoals factory supplies lightweight EV battery enclosures to the Alabama-based Mercedes-Benz electric battery pack plant in Bibb County. <a href="https://www.durashiloh.com/dura-automotive-celebrates-grand-opening-of-muscle-shoals-high-tech-manufacturing-site-for-ev-battery-enclosures/" target="_blank">The new state-of-the-art manufacturing facility is DURA’s latest investment in vehicle electrification</a>. Previously, DURA launched an advanced lightweight EV structural systems plant in the Czech Republic and opened its second site to manufacture EV battery enclosures in the Republic of North Macedonia.</p><h2>Imperial Quality and Reliability</h2><p>The most recent addition to a growing family of worldwide sites is home to cutting-edge manufacturing processes that utilize advanced robotics and proprietary forming and joining technologies to produce lightweight structures for EV battery systems.</p><p>These structural enclosures, often integral to the vehicle’s chassis, safeguard the EV battery modules and their supporting electrical and thermal management systems. They are made of lightweight material to minimize energy consumption and extend vehicle range and recharge intervals.</p><p>Consequently, the structures must be precisely manufactured and accurately inspected to ensure they meet the highest quality and reliability standards and contribute to EVs’ overall efficiency, safety, and performance.</p><h2>&nbsp;Capacity and Flexibility Issues with the CMM</h2><p>DURA has been using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) to perform its quality controls – and for good reason. CMMs are the most accurate metrology equipment for quality inspection. However, relying on only one stationary CMM, the metrology department struggled with capacity and flexibility issues. The CMM was often extremely busy with all types of inspection, and the EV battery enclosures had to be brought to the metrology lab for measuring.</p><p>DURA started looking for additional inspection capability to meet their need for flexibility and mobility, crucial for supporting their growing operations. The company wanted to ensure it sought out the most advanced technology for its precise measurement requirements.</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwaPeHpu-NA" target="_blank">Watch DURA’s Testimonial</a></p><h2>Trust in the MetraSCAN 3D|BLACK Elite and HandyPROBE</h2><p>In its quest for new, innovative technology to meet its measurement needs, DURA opted for the Creaform optical CMM <a href="https://www.creaform3d.com/en/optical-3d-scanner-metrascan" target="_blank">MetraSCAN 3D|BLACK Elite</a> and portable CMM <a href="https://www.creaform3d.com/en/metrology-solutions/coordinate-measuring-machines-handyprobe" target="_blank">HandyPROBE</a>, paired with Polyworks. “Creaform and Polyworks have a strong reputation in the 3D measurement industry,” says Branden Head, Metrology Supervisor at DURA. “Our sister facility in Europe had previous experience with Creaform, and the positive feedback weighed heavily on our decision.”</p><p><span contenteditable="false" draggable="true" class="fr-video fr-deletable fr-fvc fr-dvb fr-draggable"><iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/uwaPeHpu-NA?&amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0&amp;enablejsapi=1&amp;origin=https://www.wevolver.com" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"><span class="fr-mk" style="display: none;">&nbsp;</span></iframe></span></p><h2 id="isPasted">High Accuracy Captured on the Shop Floor</h2><p>The fast and accurate 3D scanner and portable CMM have been engineered to perform highly accurate and repeatable metrology-grade measurements and 3D geometrical surface inspections directly on the shop floor. Equipped with their MetraSCAN 3D or HandyPROBE, the metrology department could capture characteristics at 0.025mm (0.0009 in) accuracy without moving the structures to the metrology lab.</p><p>This move from touch probing to 3D scanning also enabled DURA to acquire a larger quantity of data quickly, compared to only a few discrete points collected slowly with CMM. In addition, the whole battery enclosure can now be measured in a single setup since the entire part fits into the system’s field of view, eliminating leapfrogs and reducing the measurement time.</p><p>Used as a mobile measurement station whenever needed, the metrology-grade 3D scanner and portable CMM added intermediate checks directly on the production floor, influencing the overall quality and efficiency of the manufacturing process. Now, more EV battery enclosures can be inspected in less time. In parallel, Creaform’s measuring solutions helped reduce the workload of the traditional CMM, assigning it to critical inspections with tight tolerances.</p><p><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1723101508625-dura_image_2-1536x759.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 id="isPasted">Helpful Training and Fantastic Support</h2><p>DURA initially received a one-week training course to learn how to operate the 3D scanners and software to their full potential. An additional follow-up training was also offered to improve their measurement results. The engineers described the training as very beneficial and easy to understand.</p><p>Creaform’s application engineers and technical support were available whenever DURA reached out for questions. Their answers were informative and helpful. “We rely on internal and external resources to ensure that our team fully utilizes the equipment to best serve our facility,” says Mr. Head. “Creaform’s ongoing support has been integral to our growing team.”</p><p><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1723101523165-dura_image_3-1536x695.webp" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 id="isPasted">Pivotal Increase of Measurement Capability</h2><blockquote><p><em>We use the Creaform MetraSCAN 3D and HandyPROBE as portable measurement stations to measure incoming extrusions and get quick scans of the product before it moves forward to a mill to ensure the mill will accept the part. Thanks to Creaform, we have increased our capacity by 75%.</em></p><p>-Branden Head, Metrology Supervisor at DURA Automotive</p></blockquote><p>The distinct performance obtained with Creaform and Polyworks in DURA’s production environment has confirmed their strong reputation in the 3D measurement industry. “Creaform and its 3D measurement solutions were pivotal for the measurement capability in our facility,” adds Mr. Head. “Our project would have struggled with capacity and mobility without Creaform’s and Polyworks’s technology.”</p><p>The partnership between DURA and Creaform will certainly continue as the global automotive supplier is now exploring the possibility of integrating Creaform technology into its automated manufacturing process. For sure, the metrology team can always count on Creaform’s dedicated training and support to achieve this next goal.</p>

In its quest for new, innovative technology to meet its measurement needs, DURA opted for the Creaform optical CMM MetraSCAN 3D|BLACK Elite and portable CMM HandyPROBE, paired with Polyworks.

Cutting-Edge Technology and World-Class Manufacturing Factory to Produce Electric Vehicle (EV) Battery Enclosures

<p id="isPasted">This article was discussed in our <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/profile/the.next.byte" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Next Byte podcast</a>.&nbsp;</p><p><span contenteditable="false" draggable="true" class="fr-video fr-deletable fr-fvc fr-dvb fr-draggable"><iframe height="200px" width="100%" frameborder="no" scrolling="no" seamless="" src="https://player.simplecast.com/7093122b-73f9-4169-845d-51584e1fa4db?dark=false" class="fr-draggable" data-gtm-yt-inspected-24="true" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe></span><br></p><p>The full article will continue below.</p><hr><p><strong>T</strong><strong>andem Drift is something of a cross between grand prix auto racing and pairs figure skating. Two cars skid and weave, appearing to “drift” while under each driver’s control. The lead car swerves through an elaborate series of maneuvers, and the chase car follows, trying to mirror every move while staying as close as possible – without touching. It’s a high-risk scenario, with points for elegance, speed, and synchrony – a supreme test of driver skill and control.&nbsp;</strong></p><p>Now, imagine the same scenario without drivers, directed entirely by artificial intelligence. That’s exactly what <a href="https://profiles.stanford.edu/j-gerdes" data-extlink="" target="_blank">Chris Gerdes</a>, professor emeritus of mechanical engineering, and one of the world’s leading authorities on autonomous vehicles, chose as his next great challenge.&nbsp;</p><p>Gerdes and team, in collaboration with researchers at the Toyota Research Institute, have created the world’s first autonomous Tandem Drift team, with the goal of advancing the potential of AI to improve safety. Both cars, lead and chase, are driverless. Using only AI, the lead must plan and execute its line without human input. The chase car must follow suit, planning a trajectory that allows it to drop back when the lead vehicle changes direction and catch up quickly afterward.&nbsp;</p><p><span contenteditable="false" draggable="true" class="fr-video fr-deletable fr-fvc fr-dvb fr-draggable"><iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/000wRshE9-U?&amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0&amp;enablejsapi=1&amp;origin=https://www.wevolver.com" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-gtm-yt-inspected-26="true" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-gtm-yt-inspected-24="true" id="341886053" title="Stanford Engineering and Toyota Research Institute achieve autonomous milestone"><span class="fr-mk" style="display: none;">&nbsp;</span></iframe></span></p><p id="isPasted">The two vehicles are guided only by GPS and communicate by Wi-Fi. At times the tandem is separated by less than 10 inches, moving at speeds up to 35 mph. Gerdes’ ultimate goal is to bring these experimental lessons to autonomous vehicles everywhere to increase safety and confidence on public roadways.</p><p>“It’s a phenomenal sport. Professional drifters are the best at what they do. They’re operating at the absolute maximum of what the tire-road interface will allow,” Gerdes says. “We wanted to see if we could match that skill – using steering, throttle, and brakes to master friction and gravity to achieve these graceful moves. You can’t pre-program that. It’s a real test of what AI can do.”</p><p>The video of the team’s achievement captures the grace, power, and control of autonomous Tandem Drift – and the remarkable capabilities of modern computation.&nbsp;</p><p><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 790px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNzIyOTI5OTEwMjIwLXRhbmRlbV90ZWFtXzAuanBnLndlYnAiLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 100%px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">The team behind the autonomous drifting research and test at Thunderhill Raceway in California. | Toyota Research Institute</span></span></span></p><p><br></p>

Two vehicles tandem drifting, autonomously. | Toyota Research Institute

If self-driving vehicles can navigate this complex road challenge safely, the learnings could help advance the safety of automated driving in urban scenarios.

AI-directed, driverless drift: Stanford Engineering and Toyota Research Institute achieve autonomous milestone

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Nexperia-Mon Jul 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Nexperia-Thu Aug 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Central European Summer Time)

Nexperia-Thu Aug 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Nexperia-Sat Sep 30 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Nexperia-Fri Oct 06 2023 08:49:31 GMT-0500 (Eastern Standard Time)

Nexperia-Tue Oct 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Eastern European Standard Time)

Nexperia-Mon Oct 30 2023 08:42:36 GMT-0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)

Nexperia-Mon Oct 30 2023 08:43:01 GMT-0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)

Nexperia-Mon Oct 30 2023 08:43:41 GMT-0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)

Ansys-Fri Jun 30 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Central European Summer Time)

Ansys-Mon Jul 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Ansys-Thu Aug 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Ansys-Thu Aug 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Central European Summer Time)

Ansys-Sat Sep 30 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Ansys-Fri Oct 06 2023 08:49:31 GMT-0500 (Eastern Standard Time)

Ansys-Tue Oct 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Eastern European Standard Time)

Ansys-Mon Oct 30 2023 08:45:26 GMT-0400 (Eastern Daylight Time)

Wiferion GmbH-Fri Jun 30 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Central European Summer Time)

Wiferion GmbH-Mon Jul 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Wiferion GmbH-Thu Aug 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Wiferion GmbH-Thu Aug 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Central European Summer Time)

Wiferion GmbH-Sat Sep 30 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Lightyear-Fri Jun 30 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Central European Summer Time)

Lightyear-Mon Jul 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Lightyear-Thu Aug 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Lightyear-Thu Aug 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Central European Summer Time)

Lightyear-Sat Sep 30 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Trossen Robotics-Fri Jun 30 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Central European Summer Time)

Trossen Robotics-Mon Jul 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Trossen Robotics-Thu Aug 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0200 (Central European Summer Time)

Trossen Robotics-Thu Aug 31 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Trossen Robotics-Sat Sep 30 2023 23:59:59 GMT+0300 (Eastern European Summer Time)

Introduction

Sensing Technologies

Thinking and Learning

EDGE and RTOS

Communication and Connectivity

Security

Tech Stack

Examining the latest developments in self-driving vehicles.

Autonomous Vehicle Technology Report

Automotives

A stator is the stationary part of an electric motor or generator, consisting of coils or windings mounted on an iron core, designed to create a magnetic field when electric current flows through it. Explore the fundamentals, advancements, and applications of stators in modern engineering.

What is a Stator? A Comprehensive Guide for Engineers

Explore the distinct functionalities, advantages, and industries driving the innovations of AC and DC motors. Delve into the technologies that shape our modern world, focusing on recent advancements and real-world applications. Understand their role in future engineering challenges and opportunities.

AC vs DC Motor: Unpacking Their Engineering Applications and Innovations

Diagram of an open circuit with circuit components

This guide offers an in-depth overview of different types of electric circuits, exploring their foundational concepts, common circuit layouts, specialized circuits, the latest technological advances, and their applications in real-life scenarios.

Types of Circuits: A Comprehensive Guide for Engineering Professionals

Choosing the optimal battery technology is pivotal to avoid future consequences. This comprehensive guide delves into the intricacies that distinguish NiMH and Lithium Ion batteries – their fundamental properties, performance across applications, etc. and equips readers for informed decision-making.

NiMH vs Lithium Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Comparison for Engineers

Automotives

Autonomous Vehicle Technology Report

Introduction

1. Sensing Technologies

2. Thinking and Learning

3. EDGE and RTOS

4. Communication and Connectivity

5. Security

6. Tech Stack

Profiles