Agile, robust, and dexterous hands are a challenging puzzle piece to the potential of robotics. 


Dexterous Robotic Hands Part 1: Unraveling the History, Technology, and Applications of Dexterous Robotic Hands

In traditional manufacturing, the design, development and production processes were usually slow. You had to take great care to get the design just right before any manufacturing could take place. This was inevitably expensive and sometimes stressful. It meant some manufacturers could only roll out a couple of new products a year, limiting the potential for expanding product lines.This situation is changing radically with the advent of Industry 4.0 and increased integration of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/3d-printing-in-manufacturing" title="3D Printing In Manufacturing" target="_blank">3D printing</a> technology, or additive manufacturing. It means even smaller companies can greatly speed up their product development process.The rapid evolution of 3D printing technology has made it faster, more automated and capable of greater production volumes. Developments have reached a point where the technology offers manufacturers significant production value. It means manufacturing costs can be significantly reduced in all aspects of manufacturing, all the way from R&amp;D to actual production.Here are some ways in which 3D printing lowers the cost of product development:<ul><li>Faster and cheaper design process</li><li>Lower labour costs</li><li>Lower material costs</li><li>Design agility and customisation</li><li>New design horizons</li></ul><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1693411669513-How-3D-Printing-Lowers-The-Cost-of-Product-Development.jpg" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><h2 id="isPasted">Faster and Cheaper Design Process</h2>Perhaps the greatest advantage of 3D printing technology is the cost saved in prototyping. Rapid prototyping is still one of the main uses for additive manufacturing. Prototypes that used to cost hundreds can now be made for a fraction of that cost, so even small-scale businesses can actively pursue product development.In the past, product design engineers would start with very basic mock-ups, which a professional developer would use to produce a more refined functional prototype. 3D printing is based on digital technologies, so all this is now done by computer modelling. You only have to alter the CAD data to make a fresh iteration of a prototype. This means you can make multiple iterations much more cheaply and rapidly than by conventional manufacturing techniques. This leads to an accelerated product development phase, as corrections and improvements to a design can be made early on.<h2>Lower Labour Costs</h2>Another way 3D printing lowers the costs of product development is by reducing the amount of labour required. Before now, models, tooling and prototype parts all had to be made manually or by operating a machine. This could be very expensive and labour-intensive, especially in applications using metals. However, some companies are now offering cost-effective 3D printed prototype solutions, even for metal. Prototypes can be printed from CAD files as soon as they&rsquo;re complete. As a result, the production time for prototypes is reduced from weeks to hours and labour costs are much less.<h2>Lower Material Costs</h2>3D printing also lowers the costs of product development by reducing the amount of raw materials required. 3D printing is the common term for additive manufacturing, which means adding raw materials layer by layer. The printer only uses what&rsquo;s required to print, dramatically reducing material waste. Traditional manufacturing methods are subtractive, cutting or whittling away excess material, and typically producing more waste. This makes 3D printing more resource-efficient, especially when using high-value materials.The technique also allows you to use less material to produce any given part. A good example of this is metal lightweighting, which uses 3D printing technologies to make metal parts lighter. In some industries like motorsports or aerospace, weight to speed ratio is critical, so that even one ounce saved could represent significant economies.Reducing weight with subtractive manufacturing requires the more expensive removal of material from a part. Cutting, drilling and machining add to the work required and thus mean extra cost.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/3d-printing-vs-cnc-for-rapid-prototyping" title="3D Printing Vs CNC For Rapid Prototyping" target="_blank">With 3D printing</a> , this process is reversed: the lighter the part, the more cost-effective and rapid the production process.<h2>Design Agility and Customisation</h2>The versatility of 3D printing also makes it more cost-effective. Now that design engineers work digitally, the designs can be infinitely variable. This means that customised designs are less pricey. We&rsquo;ve seen that you can use your 3D printer in the development stage to create multiple iterations of a prototype, cheaper and faster.You can also modify any existing product&rsquo;s digital file, with very little time or expense. Manufacturers like Nike and Gillette are now able to offer personalised products to customers, with minimal additional cost to the main production line items.Furthermore, a 3D printer is able to produce a wide variety of different items. A single machine using digital models can create practically any product. You no longer need customised moulds for unusual or special order objects. Traditionally such products &ndash; like, for example, surgical instruments, prosthetic limbs or human tissue &ndash; would incur high individual costs. With additive manufacturing, such items will cost roughly the same to produce as any other item using the same amount of raw material.<h2>New Design Horizons</h2>3D printing allows affordable customisation and offers new horizons for product designers and engineers. With no restrictions on tooling and material stress parameters, they can experiment with more complex designs. Additive manufacturing permits geometries that aren&rsquo;t feasible with any other manufacturing method. Forward-thinking companies can continue to maintain product innovation while still achieving cost savings in development.One way this has been demonstrated is with part consolidation, where developing products for additive manufacturing has proved really cost-effective. Instead of producing and assembling multiple components to create a final part, 3D printing can print the whole thing as a single, integrated part. This allows manufacturers to make significant cost savings, such as the labour costs of assembly. Maintenance costs are also lower, as the product performance is better and inventory costs are lower as you need fewer individual components.3D printing lowers the cost and saves time in the overall development process. Other aspects of production using additive manufacturing allow businesses a host of additional benefits. These include low volume and on-demand production, especially of obsolete parts. The agility of design and versatility of production make 3D printing useful to practically any business where physical product development is required.

The rapid evolution of 3D printing technology has made it faster, more automated and capable of greater production volumes. Developments have reached a point where the technology offers manufacturers significant production value. It means manufacturing costs can be significantly reduced in all aspects of manufacturing, all the way from R&D to actual production.

How 3D Printing Lowers The Cost Of Product Development

From a simple robotic arm to widespread implementation, there have been many challenges for industrial robots to overcome, including high prices and complex hardware. Early examples were hampered by their infrastructure, having to rely on things like tracks, rails or magnets. They also relied on battery power, which seriously limited their range and performance.In the past two decades, the impetus of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/industry-4-introduction" title="Introduction To Industry 4.0" target="_blank">Industry 4.0&nbsp;</a>has pushed developments ahead at a much faster pace. This doesn&rsquo;t mean that it&rsquo;s all plain sailing from here on in &ndash; and many challenges in industrial robotics still remain. These seven are the most common:<ul><li>Costs</li><li>Lack Of Standards</li><li>Inflexibility</li><li>Safety Concerns</li><li>Workforce Skills</li><li>Workforce Training</li><li>Managing Workflows</li></ul><h2>Costs</h2>The high costs of implementation are one of the major challenges when installing industrial robotics. The initial integration process is likely to be long, arduous and expensive. The specifications of new tasks may require redesigning the workspace and repurposing robot workers. Even minor modifications to a manufacturing line may demand a specialist integrator.Trying to implement new robotic systems with existing infrastructures and technologies isn&rsquo;t easy for large concerns. Smaller-scale SMEs often find the costs unjustifiable or prohibitive. In addition, production volumes and sales levels need to be sustained during the expected ROI period to recoup the initial investment.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1692871795259-7-Challenges-In-Industrial-Robotics-1.jpg" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><h2 id="isPasted">Inflexibility</h2>This lack of coordination is a further challenge in industrial robotics. A single manufacturer will not only provide its own hardware, but its own software solutions. Numerous application programming interfaces are then required to coordinate across different devices, and may even necessitate custom software. Current robotics technologies can&rsquo;t always be easily repurposed, which limits the robots&rsquo; potential roles. Even knowledgeable and experienced line workers are often unable to improve manufacturing processes by this means.Greater flexibility would allow robotic systems to cope with faster integration and reintegration times and robot reusability. It could also enable reconfigurable manufacturing lines and work cells, plus the opportunity for high-mix and low-volume production. A factory&rsquo;s energy footprint could be reduced by manufacturing multiple products using a single production line.<h2>Safety Concerns</h2>New tech demands new procedures, and these immediately introduce new safety hazards into the workplace. Industrial robots are no exception and there are strict regulations surrounding robotic safety, as well as severe penalties.Before integrating any industrial robot system, manufacturers have to prepare for this and be ready to create a safe environment for workers that ensures full compliance. Investment in industrial robots would be encouraged if manufacturers could find an optimal balance between safety, versatility and speed.<h2>Workforce Skills</h2>Operators also have to acquire a new level of expertise. Workers don&rsquo;t usually understand how to operate new types of equipment and, in the case of mobile robots, they don&rsquo;t know how to behave correctly around them. They often get in the way of a robot&rsquo;s path or are confused about the allocation of activities between humans and automated workers.The technology is still relatively new, so there&rsquo;s no embedded academic training as you&rsquo;d find with older skills. Many employees will therefore require training, and in the meantime, other staff will need to be hired who already possess the requisite education, certifications and experience.<h2>Workforce Training</h2>Industrial robots are intended to enhance a facility&rsquo;s overall performance. This means that they must interact with humans in a mutual dependency. Until staff acquire the necessary skills, the facility will be much less efficient and therefore less cost-effective. Basic robotics training will raise employee awareness of how robotic systems behave and how humans should respond. Overall efficiency can be improved by demonstrating the co-dependence of humans and industrial robotics.This can be assisted by using advanced analytics and data collection to identify key issues. As much data as possible should be gathered by operators, including what and how many journeys are made by robotic systems, downtime experienced due to errors and bugs, battery-charging times, and time spent idling. Using this information, operators can adjust the necessary processes to target specific problems and increase robot efficiency.<h2>Managing Workflows</h2>Product workflows need to be evaluated to see what gains could be made by integrating robots. This includes calculating the speed and orientation of part presentation to robots to ensure maximum productivity, without overloading existing systems. Anecdotal and experiential evidence from workers can be submitted to data analysis to improve the workflow and assess how their contributions affect design and integration processes. This could also help evaluate the overall effect on performance and production cycles, to eliminate inefficiency.<h2>Latest Advances</h2>While they may serve all sorts of purposes, the issues in industrial robotics are relatively similar. With all the technological developments of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/technologies-pushing-industry-4" title="4 Technologies Pushing Industry 4.0 Forwards" target="_blank">Industry 4.0</a> that support modern robotic systems, many of these challenges are being addressed.With better training, people will have a greater understanding of how robotic platforms work. In the long run, more people will acquire the requisite skills and could learn how to develop their own robotic platforms. Programming solutions are being developed that use open-source environments, as well as no-code or low-code solutions.Robotic developers are beginning to focus more on situation awareness, with complex sensory arrays that greatly enhance the intelligence of cobots. They&rsquo;ll be able to understand their surroundings better and learn how to behave around humans, just as humans will learn how to behave around them. The net result is improved robotic interactions that increase productivity and reduce costs.

In the past two decades, the impetus of Industry 4.0 has pushed developments ahead at a much faster pace. This doesn’t mean that it’s all plain sailing from here on in – and many challenges in industrial robotics still remain.

7 Challenges In Industrial Robotics

It&rsquo;s hard to believe that&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/3d-printing-in-manufacturing" title="3D Printing In Manufacturing" target="_blank">3D printing</a> has only been around since the 1980s. This technique, also called additive manufacturing, has proved so immensely useful that it&rsquo;s evolving very quickly. The process was originally devised to make prototypes for one-off or small-batch parts. Materials were added progressively to build up a solid object, based on 3D digital models. It was much more cost-efficient than cutting source materials down, as no waste was apparently produced.While prototyping continues to be an important feature of 3D printing, the focus is now inclined more towards end-use production. It&rsquo;s used in many industry sectors to introduce new and innovative manufacturing solutions that perform better and are more efficient. Industries such as automotive, aerospace, energy and medical are using 3D printing for producing parts &ndash; and it&rsquo;s also transforming conventional manufacturing processes like injection moulding.These are some of the leading trends in 3D printing &ndash; and the issues manufacturers face when incorporating it into their production processes:<ul><li>Bringing 3D Printing In-House</li><li>Bigger Focus On Designing/Printing Spare Parts</li><li>Using 3D Printing With Other Manufacturing Techniques (Hybrid Manufacturing)</li><li>Speed and Accuracy</li><li>Build Size Limitations</li><li>Environmental Impact</li><li>Knowledge and Skills Gap</li></ul><h2>Bringing 3D Printing In-House</h2>Rapid prototyping is still a leading function of 3D printing technologies, simply because it&rsquo;s so quick and cost-efficient to do. High-quality prototypes can be produced that can be used both for visual analysis and functional purposes like testing and evaluation. If a 3D printer is installed in-house, it enables product designers and engineers to design, produce and interact with 3D models, to assess their viability and integrate necessary changes. As soon as they do this, new iterations can be printed right away.This agility is very beneficial in reducing production lead times. The rapid production of modified designs ensures that engineers end up with the best possible part design. Installing in-house 3D printing technologies also eliminates component shipping times and time spent waiting for third-party manufacturers.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1692407616171-3d-printing-issues-manufacturers-face-2.jpg" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><h2 id="isPasted">3D Printing Spare Parts On Demand</h2>3D printing is already revolutionising spare parts production, as manufacturers don&rsquo;t have to face the challenges of traditional procedures. These include long lead times, the costs of inventory and warehousing, plus complex logistics as components are transferred from place to place. 3D printing allows manufacturers to create digital inventories and use them to produce replacement parts on demand. Several industry sectors are already creating parts this way, and it&rsquo;s also proving very valuable for&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/3d-printing-obsolete-parts" title="3D Printing Obsolete Parts" target="_blank">recreating obsolete parts</a>. Items that are rare or no longer available can be scanned from existing versions and reproduced, with no need for expensive tooling.This is particularly useful for things like military or railway components. Previously, a supplier would have had to invest in custom moulds in order to reproduce components, which took both time and money. Now small parts like bolts, brackets, hooks, etc, can rapidly be replaced, minimising downtime for maintenance.The versatility of 3D printing means that a wide variety of materials can be used, including metals, thermoplastic composites, industrial-grade plastics and ceramics. So many new high-performance applications can now be explored.<h2>Using 3D Printing With Other Techniques (Hybrid Manufacturing)</h2>As 3D printing technologies advance, they&rsquo;re also able to enhance the efficiency of traditional manufacturing processes. Integrating additive manufacturing into things like injection moulding and machining creates a hybrid approach. Near-net shapes can be 3D printed, which can then be finished with CNC machining to achieve tight tolerances.Another example of hybrid manufacturing prints a 3D mould in a soluble material. The mould is used for injection moulding of components and then dissolved, leaving behind a finished prototype.<h2>Overcoming 3D Printing Speed Limits</h2>Another of the 3D printing issues manufacturers face is speed. Although it&rsquo;s usually faster than traditional methods for one-off or small-batch production runs, it&rsquo;s generally too slow for larger volumes. But system developers are improving build times &ndash; both printhead or laser speed and print bed stacking and orientation. Many time-consuming post-production steps are also being automated, which increases efficiency.<h2>Limitations In Build Size</h2>The size of a 3D printer dictates how large an item it can print &ndash; and most systems can&rsquo;t normally print large parts. 3D printing has therefore mostly been used to produce parts that are less than 5.38 feet square. This naturally limits the type of applications it can be used for. In some cases, manufacturers have had to print 3D models like a jigsaw puzzle and then assemble the multiple segments. This can influence structural strength and increases post-production time.Happily, this size limitation is now being overcome and large-format 3D printing systems are now available. Wire arc additive manufacturing has enabled large-scale 3D printing of metals &ndash; a famous example being Amsterdam&rsquo;s printed stainless steel bridge. Fibre-reinforced extrusion technologies have also enabled the production of printed items over 10 feet square.<h2>Environmental Impact</h2>3D printing is perceived as a greener production technology. It produces on-site and on-demand, creating lighter, more fuel-efficient parts. However, there remain the issues of materials and waste. The most commonly-used 3D printing materials are still plastics, mostly derived from fossil fuels. Newer materials come from non-renewable resources and repeated test runs create piles of wasted material. Very few polymers can be recycled and things like powders, resins, and filaments can&rsquo;t. This creates plastic waste.The good news is that many 3D printing companies and new material manufacturers are researching renewable materials like bio-based plastics, to work towards a more circular reuse economy.<h2>Knowledge and Skills Gap</h2>Another 3D printing issue manufacturers face is a knowledge and skills gap. 3D printing is still such a new technique that many designers and engineers have not yet learned how to design for it. This means qualified 3D printing technicians are in high demand until the process becomes more established.Technical education for 3D printing processes isn&rsquo;t yet embedded in education as it is for traditional manufacturing processes. This will happen eventually and the options are also increasing for upskilling and reskilling employees.<h2>A Maturing Industry</h2>Additive manufacturing has already expanded tremendously since it was invented, both as a technology and a growth industry. Developers are looking now at industrial applications that can fully exploit 3D printing&rsquo;s capabilities. As it&rsquo;s an evolving process, it&rsquo;s important to recognise key trends and monitor their progress. The current trends indicate a maturing industry with huge potential, which still faces many challenges to reach widespread adoption.

It’s hard to believe that 3D printing has only been around since the 1980s. This technique, also called additive manufacturing, has proved so immensely useful that it’s evolving very quickly. The process was originally devised to make prototypes for one-off or small-batch parts. Materials were added progressively to build up a solid object, based on 3D digital models. It was much more cost-efficient than cutting source materials down, as no waste was apparently produced.

3D Printing Issues Manufacturers Face

In order to get the most out of your 3D printer, you need to align the material you are using with the requirements of your application. This is especially true when creating high-performance parts such as those enabled by carbon fiber. In this post, we will be zooming in on the practical applications of 3D printed carbon fiber composites across multiple categories in order to explore how this unique material is driving efficiency and precision in everything from welding to robotic automation.<iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/mf0I5aXjr08?&wmode=opaque&rel=0&enablejsapi=1&origin=https://www.wevolver.com" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe><h2 id="isPasted">Carbon fiber composite 3D printing in action</h2>The following are four example applications that are well served by the unique properties that carbon fiber offers:<h3>Enhancing Welding Processes with Custom Fixtures</h3><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1692016897308-Enhancing-Welding-Processes-with-Custom-Fixtures-UltiMaker-3D-printing.jpg" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">In the realm of welding, precision and accuracy are paramount. Custom fixtures, specifically designed to hold the pieces together before the welding process, play a crucial role. These fixtures need to be sturdy and heat-resistant, given the high temperatures involved in welding.One of&nbsp;<a href="https://ultimaker.com/learn/the-advantages-of-3d-printing-with-carbon-fiber/" target="_blank">the advantages of 3D printing with carbon fiber</a> is that it&rsquo;s possible to create custom fixtures that meet these stringent requirements. The high heat deflection temperature and rigidity of the new UltiMaker PET CF after annealing, in particular, makes it perfect for the task. The ability to design these fixtures in CAD and print them directly reduces labor time and ensures a tight tolerance fit, improving the overall efficiency and quality of the welding process.<h3>Bending Dies for Versatile Metal Shaping</h3><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1692016916593-Bending-Dies-for-Versatile-Metal-Shaping-UltiMaker-3D-printing.jpg" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Bending dies are crucial tools used with a hydraulic press to shape and form metal parts. Depending on the job specifics or facility requirements, these parts may need frequent customization. Traditional manufacturing methods can be time-consuming and costly for such instances.With 3D printing technology, you can create custom bending dies quickly and efficiently. Carbon fiber composites stand out as the material of choice here, thanks to their exceptional rigidity. This means the part can hold its form under more pressure than many other polymers, ensuring the die maintains the intended shape and produces accurate, high-quality metal parts.<h3>Robotic Automation with End-of-arm Tooling</h3><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1692016937822-Robotic-Automation-with-End-of-arm-Tooling-UltiMaker-3D-printing.jpg" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">In the field of manufacturing automation, robotic arms are invaluable tools for performing repetitive tasks with exceptional precision. The tools at the end of these arms, known as end effectors, can vary greatly depending on the specific application, from gripping devices to welding torches.The ability to 3D print these end effectors with carbon fiber composites presents a game-changing opportunity. The lightweight nature of carbon fiber composite reduces the overall weight of the robotic arm, increasing its payload capacity, speed, and maneuverability. This not only enhances productivity but also extends the lifespan of the robotic arm by reducing wear and tear.<h3>Ensuring Precision with Alignment Tools</h3><img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1692016963917-Ensuring-Precision-with-Alignment-Tools-UltiMaker-3D-printing.jpg" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Alignment tools or gauges are used in manufacturing and assembly processes for quick and precise measurements. These tools need to be rigid to ensure they don&rsquo;t flex or compress during measurements, which could lead to inaccuracies and inconsistent assemblies.Carbon fiber composites, with their inherent rigidity, make an excellent choice for these tools. The ability to 3D print these tools means you can customize them for any specific measurement requirement, ensuring your manufacturing process is as accurate and efficient as possible.

In this post, we will be zooming in on the practical applications of 3D printed carbon fiber composites across multiple categories in order to explore how this unique material is driving efficiency and precision in everything from welding to robotic automation.

Finding the perfect carbon fiber 3D printing application

In terms of simplicity and logistics, people were always the obvious choice for moving something from A to B. Whether it was a push cart, trolley or forklift truck, a human operator was there to do the job. But increased automation and streamlining means that this isn&rsquo;t usually the most efficient use of human time. The outcome is unsurprising &ndash; to develop an automated replacement for such tasks.Mobile robots are becoming increasingly common in manufacturing facilities, as they replace human beings in repetitive transfer tasks. Most of them can be found in warehouses, but they&rsquo;re also finding a place in assembly and manufacturing plants. This is mainly due to continuing developments in sensor technology, and computer intelligence. Their safety and flexibility have also improved.Implementing the use of mobile robots in such environments has become much easier and is one of the benefits of bringing&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/ai-warehouse-management" title="6 Ways AI Will Transform Warehouse Management " target="_blank">artificial intelligence into manufacturing</a>.<h2>What Is a Mobile Robot?</h2>Mobile robots combine electrical and mechanical systems into a vehicular design, with an integral package of software capabilities. The basic designs tend to be simple &ndash; often just a platform on wheels or caterpillar tracks &ndash; but the software applications open up lots of innovative possibilities. Using their advanced sensory capabilities, mobile robots are able to perceive their own surroundings. This enables more effective and efficient navigation, and control capabilities for a whole fleet of mobile robots.The basic applications of mobile robots in manufacturing start with moving raw materials, parts, tools, etc. For example, mobile platforms can be programmed to transport a production item from a storage area to workstations where further processes take place. After completion, mobile robots can transport items to a manual quality inspection area, before taking them on to a different storage location.<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1691772059795-what-you-need-to-know-about-mobile-robots-1.jpg" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><h2 id="isPasted">What Else Can Mobile Robots Do?</h2>Production plants have been using automated guided vehicles (AGVs) since the 1950s. This is one of the easiest tasks to automate. Their designs and operation are typically very robust as they&rsquo;ve evolved over decades. They frequently carry large and heavy objects, like vehicle chassis, engines and large components for aeroplanes or ships.The more advanced versions are now called autonomous mobile robots, or AMRs. Many of their applications reflect the way that humans operate vehicular transport, on a road or railway. In factories, humans operate a tug vehicle to pick up and deliver materials on the factory or warehouse floor. They may transport a train of carts all over the facility, stopping off at various locations as required.AGVs mimic a similar format of travel to a tram or train route. They&rsquo;re constrained to follow defined pathways around the facility, always proceeding in the same direction. Like a tram, they travel a fixed route, on a predetermined schedule with predetermined stops for picking up or dropping off. They use simple navigation technologies, like magnetic tape tracking and magnets embedded in the floor.More advanced technologies have introduced laser targets or fiducial markers, which are objects placed in the AGV&rsquo;s field of view. The AGV&rsquo;s optical sensors use these as a measure or point of reference to navigate safely around the building. Most AGVs can sense an obstacle blocking their path and not drive into it. Instead, they&rsquo;ll come to an emergency stop and set off an alarm. What they&rsquo;re not capable of doing is to navigate around an obstacle. Production or warehouse facilities therefore set aside designated AGV paths, which people and all other aisle traffic are expected to keep out of.<h2>How AMR Beats AGV</h2>As well as embedded tracking, an AMR has various transit options, similar to other classic transportation patterns. A bus, for example, doesn&rsquo;t follow physical tracks and may have either a circular or a linear route. People may get on at one stop and off at another, which is too advanced for a basic AGV. Even more complex, a taxi service may cover a certain area, but not use any predetermined route or stops.Modern mobile robots have been designed to incorporate this kind of agility. To do this, they need to be programmed with an accurate map of the warehouse or production facility. They must have several types of sensors installed, and the additional intelligence required to navigate the environment autonomously. Equipped with this information and capabilities, AMRs are able to determine the best path from any given point to another.AGVs are no longer thought of as mobile robots, because they lack advanced sensor technology, navigation capabilities and control intelligence. Similarly, mobile robots are not thought of as AGVs for the opposite reasons. They&rsquo;re capable of roaming freely through the production facility and making independent navigation choices. This means they can assess the environment conditions and use onboard control systems to spot and avoid obstacles.<h2>Should I Switch To AMRs?</h2>If you&rsquo;re thinking about implementing mobile robots in your manufacturing environment, you need to consider how best to integrate them with other machinery. You&rsquo;ll have to consider what human manual processes and functions can be automated, and how they&rsquo;ll need to be adapted for machinery or robots.Make a list that specifies these processes and tasks, and use it to evaluate what kind of mobile solution you need:<ul><li>What machinery would a mobile robot have to interact with?</li><li>What model of mobile robot is best for your application&rsquo;s size and payload?</li><li>How can the mobile robot be safely loaded, secured and unloaded?</li><li>What degree of driving precision will the mobile robot need?</li><li>Will it be able to move safely throughout the facility?</li><li>Will it have to take other vehicles into account?</li><li>How will you ensure that humans working in the area are always safe?</li></ul>AMR systems usually cost more than AGVs of a similar size and payload, but their control system and functional design are far more complex. Robots can&rsquo;t read or refer to paper instructions, so you&rsquo;ll have to evaluate your data flow and determine what&rsquo;s the best software solution for your requirements.Figure out how the robots are going to get their orders, whether it&rsquo;s via a programmable logic controller (PLC) or a warehouse management system. You&rsquo;ll need to work out how to design a human-machine interface and the best&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/five-key-automation-concepts" title="Five Key Concepts In Automation" target="_blank">means of communication</a>between different systems. You should also decide whether and how you want to handle things like right-of-way rules, prioritising orders and battery charging.Both AGVs and AMRs operate on battery power, but AMRs use more expensive, modern battery chemistry. Continuously-operated systems are usually provided with automatic battery swap stations. One set of batteries can be put on charge there while a ready-charged set keeps the vehicle running. Human operators may also do this if the system isn&rsquo;t automated, or sometimes even take the vehicle offline to recharge.<h2>What Other Advances Have Been Made In Mobile Robotics?</h2>Technological advances have led to the development of the IMR, or industrial mobile robot. An IMR takes the basic AGV or AMR platform and combines it with a robotic arm. The AMR&rsquo;s machine vision and control capabilities are integrated for registration and guidance. The mobile platform or conveyor navigates the robotic arm to and from operational waypoints, where it can put down or pick up items.This area of robotics is sometimes called mobile manipulation. It expands the range of potential applications from basic transportation to processes such as tool changing, machine tending, unloading&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/3d-printing-trends" title="3D Printing Trends" target="_blank">3D printers</a>, parts processing and inspection. IMRs have a wide range of uses, especially in warehousing and logistics. Workflow programs have been introduced that enable an IMR to travel through a warehouse to fill customer orders, picking items direct from inventory shelving.For example, one model of IMR has a robot arm equipped with a vacuum gripper mounted onboard. It&rsquo;s able to locate and unload packages directly from a vehicle stationed at a loading dock. It actually digs its way into the delivery vehicle, picking up each carton and dropping it onto a gravity conveyor. This conveyor then transports the packages out of the trailer, while the IMR carries on picking until the vehicle is empty.Another concept utilising two AMRs in tandem is called robot-to-goods workflow or mobile palletising. In this operation, one AMR travels to different inventory locations. It can pick an item from stock shelves and place it on an empty pallet carried by a second AMR. The two robots can then move to second and subsequent locations to create a unit load pallet. This operation uses the capabilities of dual control and thus becomes an IMR.Distribution centres could also deploy IMRs for cross-docking operations, where they&rsquo;d break down unit loads and reassemble them to send out elsewhere.<h2>Invest for the Future</h2>For some business owners, the employment situation in manufacturing might demand a greater level of automation to keep afloat. IMRs can deliver improvements in many areas, including flexibility and quality, safety and ergonomics, process optimisation and traceability.They&rsquo;re still finding their robotic feet as new potential applications arise, so the potential is only going to get greater. If you decide to invest in IMRs, you&rsquo;ll not only achieve short-term gains but also increase throughput and reduce your payroll.

Mobile robots are becoming increasingly common in manufacturing facilities, as they replace human beings in repetitive transfer tasks. Most of them can be found in warehouses, but they’re also finding a place in assembly and manufacturing plants. This is mainly due to continuing developments in sensor technology, and computer intelligence. Their safety and flexibility have also improved.

What You Need To Know About Mobile Robots

There is a talent shortage in the Netherlands that is expected to persist until 2050.&nbsp;So concludes Ton Wilthagen, professor of Labor Market at Tilburg University, in the new High Tech Campus documentary&nbsp;<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=am0w2ke4a04&ab_channel=HighTechCampusEindhoven" rel="noopener" target="_blank">The Talent Game</a>: &quot;Even if we attract more international knowledge workers, work more hours and involve people from the sidelines in the labor market, the talent shortage will remain.&quot; Wilthagen therefore stresses the importance of investing in the right sectors to make the Netherlands and Europe future-proof. Artificial intelligence can contribute to this by increasing labor productivity.&nbsp;The documentary The Talent Game: Battlefield or Playground, directed by Ingelou Stol (High Tech Campus Eindhoven) and Vinal Hindocha (House of Yellow), offers a behind-the-scenes look at tech companies ASML, SMART Photonics and Axelera AI. The film shows how companies, from multinationals to startups, find and try to retain technical talent.An important theme in the documentary is the potential of women in tech, &quot;who can be an important solution to the talent shortage in the industry,&quot; Stol said. &quot;Women are an untapped source of expertise.&quot; Recent research by McKinsey shows that Europe needs to attract and retain women in tech to remain competitive in technological growth and innovation.Watch the documentary here:&nbsp;<iframe width="640" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/am0w2ke4a04?&wmode=opaque&rel=0&enablejsapi=1&origin=https://www.wevolver.com" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe><h2 id="isPasted">Shortage of 70,000 talents in Brainport Eindhoven</h2>The Brainport region faces a shortage of 70,000 people in engineering and IT over the next decade. &quot;It is important that the city of Eindhoven and the surrounding villages and cities remain accessible. Brainport Eindhoven must become a technology hub accessible to everyone, not just the highly educated,&quot; said Paul van Nunen, Director of Brainport Development. &quot;That&#39;s why we need to build housing for people with different salaries, for example.&quot;In the coming years, the region will need to make significant efforts to attract and train the essential talent needed to address shortages in the technology industry. &quot;We need all the talents of people sitting along the side, we will have to start training a lot of people, attract international knowledge workers, increase labor productivity and increase retention in the engineering sector. And we will have to do that all at the same time.&quot; Van Nunen acknowledges that this is a huge challenge, although &quot;I think we&#39;ve proven that if it can be done anywhere, it&#39;s here.&quot;The documentary The Talent Game premiered last Thursday in Eindhoven.&nbsp;<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1691585539392-1-1.webp" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Premiere of The Talent Game&nbsp;<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1691585565615-Vinal+Hindocha+en+Ingelou+Stol+%28regisseurs+The+Talent+Game%29.webp" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">Directors Vinal Hindocha and Ingelou Stol<img src="https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/wevolver-project-images/froala%2F1691585579417-THE_TALENT_GAME_TEASER_V4.00_01_25_22.Still002.webp" style="width: 766px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">From left to right: Ton Wilthagen (Tilburg University), Ilse de Graaf (SMART Photonics), Fabrizio Del Maffeo (Axelera AI), Moyra McManus (ASML), Paul van Nunen (Brainport Development).&nbsp;

There is a talent shortage in the Netherlands that is expected to persist until 2050. So concludes Ton Wilthagen, professor of Labor Market at Tilburg University, in the new High Tech Campus documentary The Talent Game: "Even if we attract more international knowledge workers, work more hours and involve people from the sidelines in the labor market, the talent shortage will remain."

Shortage of talent until at least 2050, women and artificial intelligence offer the solution

Article #3 of Spotlight on Innovations in Edge Computing and Machine Learning: A computer vision system that detects and localizes the surface cracks in concrete structures for predictive maintenance.

Implementing Real-Time Surface Crack Detection System: Predictive Maintenance with EdgeAI

This is the sixth and final article in a 6-part series featuring articles on &quot;Bringing Intelligence to the Edge&quot;. The series looks at the transformative power of AI in embedded systems, with special emphasis on how advancements in AI, embedded vision, and microcontroller units are shaping the way we interact with technology in a myriad of applications. This series is sponsored by <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/profile/mouser.electronics" target="_blank">Mouser Electronics</a>. Through their sponsorship, Mouser Electronics shares its passion and support for engineering advancements that enable a smarter, cleaner, safer manufacturing future.Unscheduled equipment downtime can be costly for companies&mdash;both financially and in time spent on repairs. By having systems to monitor and report on potential equipment issues, companies can catch potential issues before they become major problems. This helps them take corrective action quickly and avoid losing resources due to unscheduled or extended equipment downtime. It also helps them identify issues that can be quickly and easily fixed, saving time and money in the long run.&nbsp;To mitigate downtime, predictive maintenance using machine learning (ML) algorithms can be trained and deployed based on data gathered from sensor information, providing early detection in critical systems. Renesas Reality AI has revolutionized the way businesses analyze sensor data. The platform uses ML algorithms and advanced analytics to extract meaningful insights from data streams generated by equipment sensors. With its powerful tools, Reality AI has become a game changer in the field of sensor data analysis<h1 dir="ltr">What Is Reality AI?</h1>Renesas Reality AI is a software tool that allows developers to develop intelligent, embedded artificial intelligence (AI) applications quickly and easily for edge devices. The suite of tools includes an intuitive drag-and-drop interface for data upload, pre-trained ML models, and automatic code generation for Renesas&rsquo;s e&sup2; studio integrated development environment (IDE), allowing developers to build and deploy applications faster and with less effort.&nbsp;Renesas Reality AI supports a wide range of use cases, including predictive maintenance, anomaly detection, and voice. Using its robust ML capabilities, developers can easily train and optimize models using their own data and quickly deploy those models to their target devices. The tool also includes comprehensive support for a wide range of Renesas hardware platforms and microcontrollers (MCUs), making it easy to integrate with existing hardware and software systems. Renesas Reality AI supplies a powerful and efficient solution for developers looking to build intelligent, embedded AI applications for edge devices.&nbsp;<h1 dir="ltr">Features of Reality AI</h1>The Reality AI platform offers several key features that make it a valuable resource for businesses looking to analyze sensor data:&nbsp;<ul><li dir="ltr">Anomaly detection:&nbsp;By identifying anomalies in the data, the platform can automatically generate ML models, explanatory visualizations, and hardware design analytics. This can be especially useful for predictive maintenance applications, where identifying issues early can prevent costly downtime and repairs.&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr">Advanced signal processing:&nbsp;Reality AI automatically searches a wide range of signal-processing transforms to create a custom, optimized feature transform.&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr">MCU/MPU edge nodes:&nbsp;Reality AI runs on almost every MCU and microprocessor (MPU) core available from Renesas, with new ones added constantly. Reality AI also supports Renesas Motor Control boards.&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr">Data visualization:&nbsp;The platform offers a user-friendly interface that allows businesses to visualize their data in real time. This can be useful for monitoring operations and identifying trends or issues as they occur.&nbsp;</li></ul><h1 dir="ltr">Applications of Reality AI</h1>The Reality AI platform has a wide range of applications in numerous industries, including industrial automation; heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC); and automotive. The following are just a few examples of how the platform could be used:&nbsp;<ul><li dir="ltr">Industrial anomaly detection: Through a hardware and software solution for equipment monitoring and end-of-line testing for quality control, users can deploy an edge node with one or more included sensors and begin monitoring production equipment for unusual or anomalous functions.&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr">HVAC and refrigeration systems:&nbsp;By combining ML and edge processing and using data such as vibration and electrical signals, this application can potentially predict a wide array of anomalies, faults, and operating conditions.&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr">Automotive sound recognition: By analyzing audio data, the solution can detect and localize potential hazards (e.g., emergency vehicles, motorcycles) that may be hidden from view from line-of-sight sensors.&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr">Predictive maintenance:&nbsp;By analyzing sensor data from industrial machines, the platform can identify potential issues before they occur. This can prevent costly downtime and repairs and increase the lifespan of the Machines.&nbsp;</li></ul><h1 dir="ltr">Sensorless Motor Demo</h1>With support provided for the Renesas Motor Control Kits, one way to evaluate the features available through Reality AI Tools is by using an existing demo, such as the <a href="https://resources.mouser.com/development-kits/reality-ai" target="_blank">Reality AI demo on mouser.com</a>. The demo incorporates the <a href="https://www.mouser.com/new/renesas/renesas-ra6t2-kit/" target="_blank">Renesas RA6T2 Motor Control Kit</a> and provides insight and instructions for creating a predictive sensorless ML model that detects unbalanced motor loads using current, voltage, and speed.&nbsp;<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkwODkyMjA1NjUyLTE2OTA4OTIyMDU2NTIucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="720" height="404" class="fr-fic fr-dii" alt="monitoring-motor-control-unit-with-reality-ai">Fig. 1: Monitoring a motor control unit with Reality AI. Source: Mouser ElectronicsThe RA6T2 Motor Control Kit features an enhanced central processing unit (CPU) and hardware accelerator for home appliance and industrial automation application deployments. The kit comes complete with all the basics, including a CPU board, inverter board, communication board, and brushless DC motor.The project article outlines the necessary resources and required hardware, with applicable links as well as steps to train and deploy your ML model. If you are looking to jump right in with Reality AI without the hardware, prebuilt data files are also available to help you get started. The steps in the demo take you through everything from uploading and curating your data to training and deployment. Of course, this only scratches the surface of the entire suite of available features, such as using new data to further test and optimize as well as ways to potentially decrease the complexity of the model without sacrificing accuracy.&nbsp;An example of a simple application for this type of demo is detecting issues with load balance in a washing machine during a spin cycle and notifying the end user.&nbsp;<h1 dir="ltr">How to use Reality AI?</h1>To efficiently use Reality AI in your projects, follow this 7-step process:<ol><li dir="ltr">Gather Data: Begin by sourcing data relevant to your use case. This data can be collected from various sources depending on your project requirements. Once collected, upload the data directly or link the source files to Reality AI.</li><li dir="ltr">Organize Data:&nbsp;Next, assign labels to your data for training purposes. It&#39;s also important to segment your files into consistent sample sizes suitable for AI exploration, model training, or testing.</li><li dir="ltr">Explore:&nbsp;Using the gathered and organized data, start to create potential feature sets and machine learning models for classification. Select the most suitable model based on factors such as accuracy and computational complexity.</li><li dir="ltr">Train:&nbsp;Once you&#39;ve chosen the best-fit model, train it using a subset of your data. Be mindful of balancing the data used in training to prevent model overfitting or underfitting.</li><li dir="ltr">Test: After training, test the model against a different data subset. This step is crucial to validate the model&#39;s performance and accuracy. Techniques like k-fold validation can be useful here.</li><li dir="ltr">Optimize: In this step, fine-tune the model by optimizing for sensitivity and tolerances. If the model&#39;s performance isn&#39;t satisfactory, retrain it as needed.</li><li dir="ltr">Deploy: With Reality AI&#39;s integration with the Renesas e2 studio, you can easily compile your models for a wide range of Renesas processors, ready for deployment.</li></ol><h1 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h1>Renesas Reality AI is a powerful software toolset that can revolutionize the way businesses analyze sensor data. Through automated analysis and selection of the most relevant sensor data for the specific prediction model Learn More RA6M4 Evaluation Kit of interest, the Reality AI toolset extracts meaningful insights and offers potential BOM optimization. These capabilities can also be incorporated via firmware updates into existing systems without additional BOM costs.&nbsp;The models generated are extremely resource efficient, consuming insignificant CPU load so the MCU is practically free to perform all the usual tasks while incorporating these features. With its complete integration into the Renesas toolchain and full support for the MCU portfolio and development boards, the Reality AI toolset provides the speed and accuracy required to deliver the precision businesses expect to make sense of vast amounts of data, helping to minimize costly equipment downtime.&nbsp;This article is based on an e-magazine: <a href="https://www.mouser.com/news/renesas-ai/renesas-intelligence-edge-ebook.html" target="_blank">Bringing Intelligence to the Edge</a> by Mouser Electronics and Renesas Electronics Corporation. It has been substantially edited by the Wevolver team and Electrical Engineer <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/profile/ravi.rao" target="_blank">Ravi Y Rao</a>. It&#39;s the sixth and final article from Bringing Intelligence to the Edge Series. Future articles will introduce readers to some more trends and technologies shaping the future of Edge AI.<hr>This&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/bringing-intelligence-to-the-edge-series" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">introductory article</a>&nbsp;unveils the &quot;Bringing Intelligence to the Edge&quot; series, exploring the transformative potential of AI at the EdgeThe&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/implementing-ai-in-iot-endpoints-balancing-performance-feasibility-and-data-constraints" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">first article</a>&nbsp;examines the challenges and trade-offs of integrating AI into IoT devices, emphasizing the importance of balancing performance, ROI, feasibility, and data considerations for successful implementation.This&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/revolution-of-endpoint-ai-in-embedded-vision-applications/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">second article</a>&nbsp;delves into the transformative role of Endpoint AI and embedded vision in tech applications, discussing its potential, challenges, and the advancements in processing data at the source.&nbsp;The&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/four-metrics-you-must-consider-when-developing-tinyml-systems/edit" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">third article</a>&nbsp;delves into the intricacies of TinyML, emphasizing its potential in edge computing and highlighting the four crucial metrics - accuracy, power consumption, latency, and memory requirements - that influence its development and optimization.The&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/data-science-and-ai-driven-real-time-analytics" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">fourth article</a>&nbsp;delves into the realm of data science and AI-driven real-time analytics, showcasing how AI&#39;s precision and efficiency in processing big data in real-time are transforming industries by recognizing patterns and inconsistencies.The&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/endpoint-mcu-implementation-of-voice-user-interface" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">fifth article</a>&nbsp;delves into the integration of voice user interface technology into microcontroller units, emphasizing its transformative potential.The&nbsp;<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/reality-ai-a-game-changer-in-sensor-data-analysis" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">sixth article</a>&nbsp;delves into the profound impact of edge AI on system optimization, maintenance, and anomaly detection across diverse industries.<hr><h1 dir="ltr">About the sponsor: Mouser Electronics</h1>Mouser Electronics is a worldwide leading authorized distributor of semiconductors and electronic components for over 1,200 manufacturer brands. They specialize in the rapid introduction of new products and technologies for design engineers and buyers. Their extensive product offering includes semiconductors, interconnects, passives, and electromechanical components.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkwODkyMjI4Mzk0LWltYWdlMS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">

Article 6 of Bringing Intelligence to the Edge Series: The utilization of edge AI facilitates advanced system optimization, predictive maintenance, and improved anomaly detection, greatly advancing technological capabilities across varied fields.

Reality AI: A Game Changer in Sensor Data Analysis

This comprehensive article dives deep into the world of robotics, exploring the history, types, engineering components, applications, and future trends of robots, offering readers an in-depth understanding of how these remarkable machines work and shape our lives.

What is Robotics? A Comprehensive Guide to its Engineering Principles and Applications

As a robust and straightforward protocol, Modbus RTU has become an essential tool for engineers and technicians working in various industries, such as manufacturing, energy, and transportation. Understanding and implementing Modbus RTU is crucial for ensuring seamless communication between electronic devices and optimizing system performance. 

Modbus RTU: A Comprehensive Guide to Understanding and Implementing the Protocol

Distributed Control System(DCS) is vital in industrial automation due to its ability to centralize control, monitor processes in real-time, and ensure efficient and safe operations. It enhances process control, improves efficiency, and safeguards operational reliability for maximum productivity


What is Distributed Control System (DCS)?

Delineating cobots and industrial robots, this analysis drives deep into their respective roles and divergent characteristics that make each a vital cog in the machinery of Industry 4.0.

Cobots vs Robots: Understanding the Key Differences and Applications

Advanced testing methodologies and innovation in semiconductor packaging ensure product reliability in dynamic and harsh operational environments. These strategies are particularly crucial in the rapidly evolving automotive industry.


Semiconductor Resilience with Innovations in Testing Techniques and Packaging

The Modbus TCP/IP protocol was introduced by Modicon (now Schneider Electric) in 1999. Developed as an extension of the Modbus serial protocol to enable communication over TCP/IP networks, its purpose was to leverage the widespread adoption of Ethernet in industrial environments. The robustness, simplicity, and wide compatibility have made Modbus TCP/IP the go-to choice for countless industrial applications in the current scenario.

Understanding Modbus TCP-IP: An In depth Exploration

Rowse

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