This article presents a comprehensive technical analysis of CPLD vs FPGA, focusing on their architectural distinctions, performance metrics, design flows, and implementation methodologies. 

CPLD vs FPGA: A Comprehensive Technical Analysis and Implementation Guide

CUDA Cores and Tensor Cores are specialized units within NVIDIA GPUs; the former are designed for a wide range of general GPU tasks, while the latter are specifically optimized to accelerate AI and deep learning through efficient matrix operations.

Tensor Cores vs CUDA Cores: The Powerhouses of GPU Computing from Nvidia

Discover the critical role of in-circuit testing in modern engineering, exploring its foundational principles, technological advancements, and real-world applications.


What Is In-Circuit Testing? An Essential Guide for Engineers

Lagging is known for causing frustration, leading to dissatisfaction for the users of a device. Measured in milliseconds, the response time to a tap on a smartphone&rsquo;s screen might not be a &ldquo;show stopping&rdquo; issue, but a delay between an action and its reaction in the mobile gaming industry can make an important difference.Helping in providing lag free user experience, MATT can be integrated in testing protocols meant to determine the touch-to-display response time, additionally to being an essential tool in benchmarking between different phone brands.Introductory aspectsWidely used on most consumer electronics, from smartphones and smartwatches to home appliances and in-vehicle-infotainment systems, touchscreens are making devices&rsquo; operation more friendly for their users. Their advantages and reputation stand in being interactive through simple gestures.&nbsp;Consumers expect the interaction with a touch screen to be flawless in performance and functionality, as well as having an adequate response time. All of these are dependent on the chosen touch panel technology, on how the products&rsquo; electrical design has been made, on the characteristics of the touch controller, and on how signals generated from touch gestures are processed on the operating system or one final application. An UI that is entirely functional, is responsive and provides a quick reaction to all actions, offers a good user experience. For this reason, various tests need to be performed on devices, one of them being the latency between a finger interacting with the touch screen and the moment in which the expected reaction from that gesture occurs, known as the touch response time.&nbsp;Following, we&rsquo;re going to take a look at one of MATT&rsquo;s use cases: testing touch response time in mobile gaming.Testing scenario and MATT&rsquo;s inputThe objective behind our client&rsquo;s testing protocol was to find reliable methods for measuring touch response time of a tap triggering an action in a mobile phone game and observe reaction differences between phone brands.&nbsp;MATT covered device testing, performing the same taps and sequences on one smartphone at a time. Being measured in time increments as small as milliseconds, through MATT&rsquo;s versatility, a high- speed camera is integrated with the robot in order to capture each frame as it is displayed on a smartphone&rsquo;s screen. Therefore, the observation and processing of the touch time response is performed seamlessly.<img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjU5MDEwNzk4NjI2LTEgbGF0ZW5jeSBoZXJvLWludHJvLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 750px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib">&nbsp;MATT measuring touch response latency by triggering a high-speed cameraThe right fit for latency measurement&nbsp;Building MATT to be adaptable to as many testing scenarios as possible was a mandatory requirement from the initial stages of its development. Having this in mind, MATT was built as a universal tool, being able to integrate with as many external devices as possible (cameras, light modules, measurement devices, sensors and much more). This brought an advantage to easily testing multiple mobile phone brands, and it simplified the integration of the equipment required for the latency measurements as well.The process behind the use- caseTo build an accurate data sampling process, three main steps are executed as follows:<ol><li>The device calibration is performed using MATT&rsquo;s framework.</li><li>The robot is programed to execute the desired action (tap, rotate, swipe or more complex gestures) and notify the high- speed camera when the action has finished.</li><li>With the support of MATT&rsquo;s interface, any testing program (and its different actions and elements) can be easily created, and, furthermore, replicated on any other DUT.</li></ol>Tackling benchmarkingOne of the use-case&rsquo;s objectives is to compare response time of devices, regardless of the phones manufacturing characteristics. As MATT stores created programs, by using test robust computer vision techniques, it allows for the same testing cycles to be performed on diverse smartphone brands. Having the devices tested under the same conditions, benchmarking the different touch- to- display response times is easily achieved.ConclusionSince winning or losing in mobile gaming community depends on a touch of a finger, a smartphones performance and the reliability of the response time even under repeated actions, need to offer the best experience for the gamer. From every test that has to be performed on devices to assure proper functionality, MATT undertook the testing of multiple phone brands in one of our client&rsquo;s use cases measuring touch-to-display response time.

Measured in milliseconds, the response time to a tap on a smartphone’s screen might not be a “show stopping” issue, but a delay between an action and its reaction in the mobile gaming industry can make an important difference.

Measuring touch screen response time- A gaming use case

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