<p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, play a crucial role in the global energy transition towards a more sustainable and ecological energy scenario. As the demand for renewable energy grows, so does the need for technologies that can improve the management of these resources and the transformation efficiency. One critical aspect of ensuring the viability of renewable energy projects is applying effective risk management solutions to manage generating equipment, avoiding unwanted interruptions, and optimizing system operation. In this context, single board computers (SBCs) are emerging as compact and versatile computing devices that offer technical advantages in the renewable energy sector, supporting the operation and management of renewable energies.</p><p dir="ltr">This article explores how SBCs can be used in renewable energy applications, integrating system monitoring and control.</p><h1 dir="ltr">SBCs in Renewable Energy</h1><p dir="ltr">SBCs, with their compact size and powerful hardware, offer features that make them attractive for renewable energy applications, where real-time data analysis, monitoring, and control are essential. SBCs differ from conventional computing solutions in providing flexibility, such as being installed where space may be limited presenting different connectivity options with sensors and devices. They are compatible with various operating systems, making them highly customizable and adaptable in the applications. Moreover, the SBCs offer low application costs.</p><h2 dir="ltr">System monitoring</h2><p dir="ltr">Continuous monitoring of the performance of renewable energy installations, such as solar farms or wind turbines, is essential to monitor energy generation and ensure the effective use of the system. For this purpose, SBCs communicating with various sensors can be strategically placed throughout these installations to collect data about multiple parameters, including electricity production, equipment temperatures, and weather conditions. This allows grid operators to assess the system's functioning in real-time and promptly identify potential problems.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Grid balance</h2><p dir="ltr">The integration of renewable energy into the electric grid introduces fluctuations due to the intermittent nature of these energy sources. SBCs can contribute to grid stability by optimizing the distribution of renewable energy through the data collected and running algorithms for this purpose. These devices can analyze energy supply and demand in real-time, allowing automatic adjustments to energy production from renewable sources or the activation of energy storage systems. The usage of dynamic grid management ensures a reliable energy supply, balance generation and consumption in real-time.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Predictive maintenance</h2><p dir="ltr">Conventional systems typically use periodic maintenance programs, which may sometimes be less efficient and potentially costly. In contrast, when integrated with SBCs, equipment can undergo continuous monitoring and have its data analyzed for any potential anomalies. Using machine learning algorithms and artificial intelligence, SBCs can accurately predict when maintenance is required. This proactive approach helps reduce downtime, significantly cut maintenance costs, and extend the operational lifetime of renewable energy assets.</p><h1 dir="ltr">Benefits and Challenges of SBCs in Energy Generation</h1><p dir="ltr">Due to their flexibility and powerful processing capabilities, SBCs can improve various aspects of renewable energy generation:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Energy reliability:&nbsp;SBCs can provide real-time insights into performance and potential equipment issues, contributing to the overall reliability.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Rapid interventions:&nbsp;Through data analysis and instant alerts, SBCs enable rapid responses to critical events or damage, minimizing energy loss and the impact on profits. For example, overheating of equipment or anomalies in the operation of photovoltaic or wind power generation.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Cost-effective:&nbsp;The predictive maintenance and optimized network balancing that can be done using SBCs reduce operating and maintenance costs. Furthermore, SBCs have compact sizes and low power consumption.</p></li></ul><p dir="ltr">However, there are some challenges in implementing it in renewable energy resources:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Initial investment:&nbsp;Implementing SBC-based systems can require significant initial investments in software and integration with existing renewable energy infrastructure.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Technical expertise:&nbsp;Integrating sensors, data analysis software, and control systems is complex and can present technical challenges, requiring expertise in renewable energy and computing.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Cybersecurity:&nbsp;As renewable energy systems become more connected, they are susceptible to cyber-attacks, and ensuring the security of SBC-based systems is vital.</p></li></ul><h1 dir="ltr">Case Study: SBCs for Photovoltaic Generation</h1><p dir="ltr">SBCs can be utilized in photovoltaic systems to monitor and control energy production. They can collect data from solar panels and control their operation. An SBC, such as ROCK 5B, can receive and process data to help optimize photovoltaic system efficiency and generation. ROCK 5B, developed by <a href="https://www.okdo.com/" target="_blank">OKdo</a> in collaboration with <a href="https://radxa.com/" target="_blank">Radxa</a>, is a state-of-the-art device powered by the Rockchip RK3588 SoC, Arm DynamIQ Quad Cortex-A76 @ 2.2/2.4 GHz.</p><p dir="ltr"><br></p><p dir="ltr">It features a safe shutdown on/off button and is compatible with various operating systems, including Linux and Android, for enhanced application flexibility. The ROCK 5B has extensive storage capacity, with both 8 and 16 GB of RAM options as well as a high-speed eMMC socket for eMMC modules - ideal for storing operating systems and data. Additionally, it has high compatibility with SBC accessories via the 40-pin GPIO expansion connector.</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 302px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk5MjY5NDg5NDE1LWltYWdlMi5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">ROCK 5B. Image credit: OKdo.</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Photovoltaic systems use current and voltage sensors to monitor energy generation. Some of the popular sensors available in the market include the ACS712 for measuring electric current and the INA219 for measuring the voltage of the panel array. Real-time monitoring of photovoltaic performance is possible with these sensors, which provide valuable information for control and preventive maintenance. Temperature sensors such as PT100 and solar radiation sensors like LI-200R can be used to monitor the operating conditions of solar panels and optimize system efficiency. For example, photovoltaic generation is directly related to the solar irradiation incident on the solar panels, making irradiation an excellent metric for monitoring energy generation. The relationship between the two on a clear day is illustrated in the figure below.</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 302px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk5MjY5NTE1NTk1LWltYWdlMS5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">Example of photovoltaic generation vs solar irradiation. Image credit: [9]</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Additionally, a web server like Apache can remotely monitor the solar energy system. The data collected and processed by the SBC can be easily accessible to interested parties, such as solar power plant operators and owners.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Other applications</h2><p dir="ltr">Wind turbine operators can utilize SBCs to monitor vibrations, temperature, and energy production continuously. With this information, the maintenance algorithms can provide valuable insights for predictive maintenance and reduce downtime.&nbsp;<iframe id="639e88944155b50008d4cdf8" width="250" class="specs-iframe" height="440" src="https://wevolver.com/iframe/specs/okdo-x-radxa-rock-5-model-b?iframe=true" frameborder="0" scrolling="false" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe></p><p dir="ltr">Another potential application of SBCs would be in smart grids, which can be employed to manage energy storage and distributed energy resources. By optimizing energy distribution and storage, this technology would enable demand response and efficient energy supply.</p><h1 dir="ltr">Future Perspectives on Using SBCs in Renewable Energy Systems</h1><p dir="ltr">As technology advances, the role of SBCs in the renewable energy sector is set for considerable expansion. With the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) becoming increasingly prevalent, SBCs can serve as a promising element in increasing the efficiency and safety of renewable energy systems. The technical characteristics of SBCs position them as a powerful device for ensuring the viability and sustainability of renewable energy solutions.</p><h1 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h1><p dir="ltr">SBCs contribute to harnessing the potential of renewable energy by enabling real-time monitoring, grid balancing, and predictive maintenance. These devices offer flexibility and economy, benefiting reliability, rapid response to problems, and cost savings. Although there are challenges, SBCs show great potential for the future as technology develops, supporting more efficient and sustainable renewable energy systems.</p><h1 dir="ltr">References</h1><ol><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Philip Hirschhorn and Tom Brijs, 2021. “<a href="https://www.bcg.com/publications/2021/addressing-variable-renewable-energy-challenges" target="_blank">Rising to the Challenges of Integrating Solar and Wind at Scale</a>”</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">IRENA, 2015. “<a href="https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2015/IRENA_Baseload_to_Peak_2015.pdf" target="_blank" data-lf-fd-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true">From Baseload to Peak: renewables provide a reliable solution</a>”</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Kabeyi Moses Jeremiah Barasa and Olanrewaju Oludolapo Akanni, 2022. “<a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenrg.2021.743114" target="_blank">Sustainable Energy Transition for Renewable and Low Carbon Grid Electricity Generation and Supply</a>”</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Johns Hopkins University, 2021. “<a href="https://energy.sais.jhu.edu/articles/the-future-of-sustainable-energy/" target="_blank">The Future of Sustainable Energy</a>”</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Hadi Ganjineh, 2021. “<a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbestechcouncil/2021/11/30/how-artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning-are-transforming-the-future-of-renewable-energy/?sh=7f961d5e541b" target="_blank">How Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning Are Transforming The Future Of Renewable Energy</a>”</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Nicolas Sarmiento Sierra, 2023. “<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/enhancing-electrical-grid-management-with-emerging-sbc-technology" target="_blank">Enhancing Electrical Grid Management with emerging SBC technology</a>”</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">R H P Putra and D Wahyudin and T Sucita, 2018. “<a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/384/1/012041" target="_blank">Designing Energy and Power Monitoring System on Solar Power Plant Using Raspberry Pi</a>”</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Hamzah Eteruddin and David Setiawan and Atmam, 2020. “<a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/469/1/012051" target="_blank">Web Based Raspberry Monitoring System Solar Energy Power Plant</a>”</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Muhammad Qamar Raza, Mithulananthan Nadarajah and Chandima Ekanayake, 2016. “<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305321699_On_recent_advances_in_PV_output_power_forecast" target="_blank">On recent advances in PV output power forecast</a>”</p></li></ol>

How single board computers (SBCs) are shaping and helping to manage and mitigate risks in renewable energy


Impact of SBCs in Renewable Energy

<p id="isPasted">They come with a pre-determined amount of RAM, plus the microprocessor, memory, input/output functions and other features. Although some SBCs do now have them, expansion slots are not usually provided for peripherals, as these additional functions are already contained on the board.</p><p>You’ll find SBCs in homes, schools, computer clubs and laboratories, as they offer a cost-effective way to learn coding languages and other useful computing topics like robotics or 3D printing. They’re compact, highly reliable and efficient, so they’re also used in many industrial applications requiring a simple, low-cost yet rugged board. Some of the most important applications for SBCs include military applications, deep sea and space operations, security and surveillance, monitoring and controlling equipment and industrial automation.</p><h2>How Do SBCs Work?</h2><p>SBCs will typically consist of a motherboard, power system, microprocessor, RAM, graphics and sound chips. Built-in connectors are provided for peripherals like monitors, routers, modems, USB devices, keyboards, speakers and mice. You’ll usually store your data on a removable device such as an SD card. The SBC is connected to its applications via a backplane, which provides the physical connections for the data and power. In industry, SBCs are often used in rack systems, so you can rapidly and reliably integrate them into your application.</p><p>You can choose an SBC based on its size, the type of sockets it has, minimum and maximum operating temperatures and many other factors. You can use SBCs for applications in challenging environmental conditions and stresses. You can get specialised compact designs that can power embedded applications in confined spaces. It’s a very simple infrastructure design that offers great dependability, so it’s frequently used as an embedded computer controller.</p><p>Modern SBCs are getting more powerful and more accessible, so that an entire computer can now fit onto a very small PCB. With newer models, opportunities are increasing for expandability, with different expansion slots. As is typical, their price has dropped over time, while their capabilities have become greater.</p><h2>What Uses Do SBCs Serve?</h2><p>You’ll often find SBCs in business applications for security and surveillance. Although you could technically use an SBC to perform some office tasks, this isn’t normal usage, as they tend not to work with most mainstream office software suites. But they are used to great effect in industry, to run basic servers or to control programmable machinery at low cost. In industrial automation and manufacturing, they’re used as the preferred embedded controller in many major production processes.</p><p>SBCs play a vital role in many control and monitoring functions, such as process control and control of robotic functions. They’re capable of carrying out most automation tasks and can be specialised for individual applications. In the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/benefits-of-industry-4" title="The Benefits of Industry 4.0" target="_blank">industrial IoT</a>, SBCs are also used for communication and data traffic between devices. You can acquire, process and analyse data with an SBC in order to improve production quality and efficiency. Also, since they’re self-contained, replacing them is relatively easy.</p><p>A high-performance SBC can handle many industry tasks involving data analysis, complex calculations or real-time processing tasks. Some of these demand considerable computing power, including edge computing, auto optical inspection, image recognition, etc. Traditional PLCs can control equipment effectively, but often don’t have enough computing power to support data processing. SBCs can handle these tasks much more efficiently and provide quicker results. If you connect one to a PLC, you’ll add the computing power of the SBC to the standard control functions. This results in a complete automated system that’s capable of every function from control to computation, data acquisition and analysis.</p><h2>What SBCs Are There?</h2><p>You’ll find many types of SBC on the market these days, mostly of the type designed for backplane connections. They work with various operating architectures, and several manufacturers are producing them. Many different models are available in popular brands like Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone and LattePanda.</p><h3>RASPBERRY PI</h3><p>Raspberry Pi is probably the best-known SBC manufacturer, and you’ll find them everywhere from labs and academic institutions to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.rowse.co.uk/blog/post/the-rise-of-the-raspberry-pi-in-industrial-settings" title="The Rise Of The Raspberry Pi In Industrial Settings" target="_blank">industrial applications</a>. They’re cheap and easy to use, and the constant evolution of new models keeps users up to date with technology. Raspberry Pi use is so widespread that most people know how to use them, or can learn quickly if they have any computing experience.</p><h3>ARDUINO</h3><p>Arduino SBCs are very similar to Raspberry Pi in their small size, low cost and expandability. This is a totally open-source production, both software and hardware, which helps to keep costs low. These are basic machines designed for learners, novelties and simple applications, so they’re not typically used for professional tasks. If you know your stuff, they can offer a cost-effective way to run machinery, but are likely to be incompatible with more mainstream systems.</p><h3>INTEL</h3><p>Intel’s high-performance SBCs make viable substitutes for desktop PCs and can be used professionally in an office or even for gaming. They come with quad-core GPUs and they’ll run on Windows or Linux. You get immediate full connectivity and professional cases, but these aren’t really for hobbyists. The high quality of these SBCs is reflected in the higher price.</p><h2>Critical Applications</h2><p>Single board computers are often smaller, lighter, more reliable and more power-efficient than comparable desktop computers, because they have fewer components, fewer connectors and very high levels of integration. Since they’re typically used in simple applications, a comparatively low-power device provides a viable means of saving money over the more costly desktop option.</p><p>SBCs often come with preset I/O interfaces for particular applications such as networking, wireless communications or audio. That makes them less adaptable, but their simple unchangeable structure also means you’ll get significantly fewer problems that might cause downtime. For this reason, SBCs are the computer of choice for running critical “always on” systems, such as medical imaging systems, traffic light controllers, missile guidance systems, anti-lock braking and automotive stability control systems, as well as many others.</p>

A Single Board Computer (SBC) defines itself by its name: it represents a complete functioning computer, where all its functions are built into just one printed circuit board (PCB). They’re small, inexpensive to purchase and run, and offer a wide range of different capabilities.

What Are Single Board Computers?

<p id="isPasted">While Raspberry Pi 3 is an industry leader in Single Board Computers, unless you're one of the Raspberry Pi foundations’ existing industrial customers, it can be a significant challenge to acquire a 3B+ at the moment. Fortunately, global tech company <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock3_vs_rpi3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a> offers two viable alternatives to the Raspberry Pi 3B+ in the form of the ROCK 3 Model A and ROCK 3 Model C boards, both of which adhere to the 3B+ specifications and offer enhanced capabilities. In this article, we will conduct a comparative analysis of these three models.</p><h2>Key specifications</h2><p dir="ltr">Here we examine the technical specifications of each board in this comprehensive side-by-side comparison.</p><div dir="ltr" align="left"><table><tbody><tr><td><p dir="ltr">&nbsp;</p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">R<strong>OCK 3 Model A</strong></p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr"><strong>ROCK 3 Model C</strong></p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr"><strong>Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+</strong></p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Availability</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">Available</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">Available</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">Sold Out</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>SoC</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">Rockchip RK3568</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">Rockchip RK3566</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">Broadcom BCM2837</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Processor</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">Quad‑core Arm® Cortex®‑A55 (ARMv8) 64‑bit @ 2.0GHz</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">Quad‑core Arm® Cortex®‑A55 (ARMv8) 64‑bit @ 1.6GHz</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">Quad‑core Arm®, Cortex®-A53 (ARMv8) 64-bit @ 1.4GHz</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Clock</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">2.0GHz</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">1.6GHz</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">1.4GHz</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>GPU</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">Arm Mali™ G52-2EE</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">Arm Mali™ G52-2EE</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">Broadcom Videocore-IV</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Memory</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">2GB LRDDR4 SRAM</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">1GB / 2GB LRDDR4 SRAM</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">1GB LPDDR2 SDRAM</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Power</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">USB Type-C™ PD / Qualcomm® Quick Charge™ / GPIO</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">USB Type-C™ / GPIO</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">Micro-USB 5V/2.5A</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>HDMI</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">1x HDMI 4K@60fps</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">1x HDMI 1080p@60fps</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">1x HDMI 1080p@30fps</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>USB</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">2x USB2 HOST / 1x USB3 HOST / 1 x USB 3.0 OTG-HOST</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">2x USB2 HOST / 1x USB3 HOST / 1x USB2 OTG-HOST</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">4 USB 2.0 PORTS</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Audio Ports</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">3.5mm jack – stereo output/mic input</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">3.5mm jack – stereo output/mic input</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">3.5mm jack – stereo output</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Connectivity</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">M.2 E Key / Gigabit Ethernet</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">2.4GHz and 5GHz IEEE 802.11b/g/n/ac Wireless LAN / Bluetooth 5.0 / Gigabit Ethernet</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">2.4GHz and 5GHz IEEE 802.11.b/g/n/ac Wireless LAN / Bluetooth 4.2 / Ethernet (300bps)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>MIPI</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">1x 2 lane DSI / 1x 2 lane CSI</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">1x 2 lane DSI / 1x 2 lane CSI</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">MIPI DSI / MIPI CSI</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Storage</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">Micro SD / eMMC / M.2 M Key NVME / SATA</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">Micro SD / eMMC / M.2 M Key NVME / SATA</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">Micro SD</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>UARTS</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">5x UART</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">5x UART</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">2x UART</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>RTC</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">Yes</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">No</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">No</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Power On/Of</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">Yes</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">Yes</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">No</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Software</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">Debian / Ubuntu / Android 11/ Armbian / etc</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">Debian / Ubuntu / Android 11/ Armbian / etc</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">Raspberry Pi OS / Ubuntu / LibreELEC / etc</p></td></tr><tr><td><p dir="ltr"><strong>Operation Temperature</strong></p></td><td style="width: 23.1071%;"><p dir="ltr">0~50 ℃</p></td><td style="width: 28.9817%;"><p dir="ltr">0~50 ℃</p></td><td style="width: 29.8956%;"><p dir="ltr">0~50 ℃</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p dir="ltr">Download the full comparison table <a href="https://www.okdo.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/OKdo_SPS_LogoStripROCK3vsPi3.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-lf-fd-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true">here</a>.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><span contenteditable="false" draggable="true" class="fr-video fr-deletable fr-fvc fr-dvb fr-draggable"><iframe width="767" height="360" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tkIyzBvriS0?enablejsapi=1&amp;origin=https://www.wevolver.com" title="ROCK 3 vs. Raspberry Pi 3: A Comparative Engineer’s Review | OKdo" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" class="fr-draggable" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-gtm-yt-inspected-10="true" id="506105029"><span class="fr-mk" style="display: none;">&nbsp;</span><span class="fr-mk" style="display: none;">&nbsp;</span><span class="fr-mk" style="display: none;">&nbsp;</span></iframe></span></h2><h2 dir="ltr">ROCK 3 Model C</h2><p dir="ltr">The&nbsp;<a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-3-model-c-2gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3566-arm-cortex-a55/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock3_vs_rpi3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 3 Model C</a> shares many similarities with the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+. However, it distinguishes itself with several notable additional features that outperform the RPI 3B+. In this analysis, we primarily focus on these differentiating aspects.<br><br>Both boards feature a 64-bit, quad-core Arm System-on-Chip (SoC). While the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ incorporates the Cortex A-53 mid-range processor, the ROCK 3C has the low-power Cortex A55 cores.&nbsp;<br><br>When subjecting both boards to the same benchmark test, such as Sysbench to fully utilize all four cores for computation, the results are nearly identical. However, the ROCK 3C consumes nearly half the power and maintains lower operating temperatures, offering significant advantages for eco-conscious applications.</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 758px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img alt="ROCK 3C sbc" src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk2MjQzMDM4MTMxLTE2OTYyNDMwMzgxMzEucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="499" height="499" class="fr-fic fr-dii"><span class="fr-inner">Thanks to its lower-power Cortext A55 cores, the Rock 3C uses nearly half the power compared to the Raspberry Pi 3B+. &nbsp;Image credit: Okdo</span></span></span></p><h3 dir="ltr">ROCK 3C – high-quality graphics processing</h3><p dir="ltr">For those seeking superior graphics processing capabilities, the ROCK 3C provides HDMI 1080p@60fps, in contrast to the 1080p@30fps of the RPI 3B+. This difference in video output quality is attributed to the ROCK 3C's Mali GPU, which offers broader support for graphics rendering APIs. Furthermore, the 2GB RAM configuration of the ROCK 3C enhances performance, surpassing the 1MB RAM limitation of the RPI 3B+.</p><p dir="ltr">Both boards have the same Wireless LAN capabilities. The difference comes when using Bluetooth. The ROCK 3C complies with Bluetooth v5.0, which can give a significantly higher range, broadcast capability and throughput than the v4.2 supported by the RPI 3B+.</p><h3 dir="ltr">More connectivity and storage options&nbsp;</h3><p dir="ltr">In terms of wired connectivity, the ROCK 3C has true Gigabit Ethernet, while the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ is constrained to 300bps due to bandwidth sharing with the USB bus. Both boards support Power over Ethernet (PoE).</p><p dir="ltr">A significant advancement with the ROCK 3C is its mitigation of the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+'s reliance on SD card media for storing the operating system and data. The 3C offers the option to utilize dedicated eMMC memory, delivering slightly improved performance and significantly enhanced reliability and security. The eMMC connector is located on the underside of the board, and modules are available in capacities ranging from 16GB to 128GB.</p><p dir="ltr">While the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ accommodates USB to SSD as a storage solution, it is constrained by its 4 x USB 2.0 ports, which impact throughput and share bandwidth with Ethernet. In contrast, the ROCK 3C offers 1 x USB 3.0 and 3 x USB 2.0 ports, with one configured as OTG.&nbsp;<br><br></p><p dir="ltr"><br></p><p dir="ltr"><br></p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 758px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk2MjQzMDM2ODcyLTE2OTYyNDMwMzY4NzIucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="602" height="601" class="fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 758px;"><span class="fr-inner">With 1 x USB 3.0 and 3 x USB 2.0 ports, the ROCK 3C offers versatile connectivity options. Image credit: OKdo.</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr">For those seeking high-performance, large capacity data storage, the ROCK 3C has an M.2 M‑Key 2230 connector with single lane, PCIe 2.1 and SATA 3.0 combined interfaces. The M.2 slot can be configured either to support NVMe or SATA SSD devices, though an additional adapter board is required for SATA support.</p><p dir="ltr">Additional features include a 2-pin fan header equipped with PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) capability, as well as an on/off push-button for safe system power management. The device also includes a microphone input integrated into the audio jack.</p><p dir="ltr">Physically, the ROCK 3C shares the same dimensions and mounting hole geometry as the RPI 3B+, with the exception of the USB-C power connector, so it fits existing RPI 3B+ cases by widening the power connector aperture.</p><h2 dir="ltr">ROCK 3 Model A</h2><p dir="ltr">Now we will examine the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-3-model-a-2gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3568-arm-cortex-a55/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock3_vs_rpi3" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 3 Model A</a>. While it comes at a slightly higher price point compared to the ROCK 3 Model C and Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, it offers increased processing power.</p><p dir="ltr">The board is based on the RK3568, a 64-bit quad-core Arm System-on-Chip SoC, with the same Cortex A55 low-power cores and Mali G52 as the ROCK 3C but with the addition of a 0.8TOPS (Tera Operations Per Second) NPU (Neural Processing Unit) tailored for AI workloads.<br><br>In Sysbench-based compute load tests, marginal disparities were observed among all three boards. However, in the realm of graphics processing, the ROCK 3A surges ahead, delivering noticeably superior image rendering quality and speed via its HDMI 4K video output.</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 758px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img alt="ROCK 3A sbc" src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk2MjQzMDM5NTAxLTE2OTYyNDMwMzk1MDEucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="499" height="499" class="fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 758px;"><span class="fr-inner">Despite its slightly higher price point, The ROCK 3A offers enhanced processing capabilities. Image credit: OKdo.</span></span></span></p><h3 dir="ltr">Wireless Capability Sets ROCK 3A Apart</h3><p dir="ltr">Among the primary distinctions between the ROCK 3A and the ROCK 3C lies in their wireless capabilities. The ROCK 3A features an M.2 E-key slot on the top side of the board, designed for a Wireless LAN module. This complements the M.2 M-key slot on the bottom side, intended for NVMe or SATA SSD drives, and an eMMC connector dedicated to OS and data storage.</p><p dir="ltr">In addition to fixed voltage power supplies, the ROCK 3A can make use of USB Type‑C™ PD and Qualcomm® Quick Charge™ adapters, making it more flexible and efficient for powering ancillaries.<br><br>The front edge of the board hosts Gigabit Ethernet, with two USB 3.0 connectors available. The top one is capable of switching between Host and OTG modes through a small slide switch located between the USB blocks on the underside of the board. Additionally, there are two USB 2.0 connectors.</p><p dir="ltr"><br></p><p dir="ltr"><br></p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 758px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk2MjQzMDM3MzA3LTE2OTYyNDMwMzczMDcucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="602" height="601" class="fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 758px;"><span class="fr-inner">The ROCK 3A features an external battery connector on the underside of the board for the RTC and streamlining designs. Image credit: OKdo.&nbsp;</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr">The board offers the convenience of an on/off switch, along with the inclusion of a 3-pin fan connector, enabling precise control and feedback for fan operation.<br><br>An additional noteworthy feature is the presence of an external battery connector situated on the underside of the board, specifically intended for the RTC (Real-Time Clock). This reduces the Bill of Materials (BOM) and streamlines designs.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">The ROCK 3A has the same size, form factor and mounting holes as the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+, the difference being the USB-C power connector, so RPI 3B+ cases may need to be modified accordingly.</p><p dir="ltr">Presently, the ROCK 3A is readily available in a 2GB RAM configuration.&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr">Operating Systems</h2><p dir="ltr">All of these boards provide a range of operating system options, including various versions of the Linux kernel. The Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ offers its 32-bit Debian Bullseye version, along with a 64-bit version.</p><p dir="ltr">The ROCK 3A and ROCK 3C come with officially supported 64-bit Debian Bullseye, Ubuntu Server 22.04 (Jammy), and Android 11 images. Currently, both boards are running on kernel version 5.10, and users have the flexibility to deploy either stable (version 6.1) or the latest (version 6.4) mainline kernels on the ROCK 3A, depending on their specific needs.</p><p dir="ltr">Additionally, users can explore a wide range of third-party OSs to suit their requirements across all three boards.</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 750px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk2MjQzMDM4NjEyLTE2OTYyNDMwMzg2MTIucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" width="602" class="fr-fic fr-dii" style="width: 748px;"><span class="fr-inner">Side-by-side: The Raspberry Pi 3B+, the ROCK Model A, and the ROCK Model C all share the same dimensions, but offer different capabilities. Image Credit: OKdo.&nbsp;</span></span></span></p><h2 dir="ltr">Summary</h2><p dir="ltr">The Raspberry Pi 3B+ has been a popular choice for a powerful and cost-effective Single Board Computer (SBC) in embedded applications. However, newer options like the ROCK 3 Model A and ROCK 3 Model C boards which are available at a similar price point, offer comparable or superior performance and additional features, making them compelling alternatives to the 3B+.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><em>This article first appeared on <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.okdo.com/blog/rock-3-vs-raspberry-pi-3-an-engineers-review/">OKdo.com</a> written by&nbsp;</em><em id="isPasted">Peter Milne, engineer and Linux advocate.&nbsp;</em></p>

A comparative analysis of the Raspberry Pi 3B+, the ROCK 3 Model A, and the  ROCK 3 Model C. 

ROCK 3 vs. Raspberry Pi 3: A Comparative Analysis

<h2 dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Introduction</h2><p dir="ltr">Single-board computers (SBCs) are complete computers integrated into a single board. The global SBC market is experiencing significant growth, with a projected value of USD 3 billion by 2030, according to <a href="https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/single-board-computers-market" target="_blank">Allied Market Research</a>. It represents a compound annual growth rate of 12.5% from 2022 to 2030.</p><p dir="ltr">Several factors are propelling the growth of the SBC market, including the development of wireless communication, advancements in product design, and the application of SBCs in multiple areas, such as medical equipment and automation. Additionally, the availability of SBCs and their normalized form elements contribute to the demand for innovative devices. Notably, SBCs offer expanded computing power, reduced power consumption, high adaptability, and improved efficiency, further fueling their adoption.</p><p dir="ltr">Considering the increasing demand for compact yet powerful computing devices, the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-5-model-b-8gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3588-arm-cortex-a76-cortex-a55/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=nextgen_rock5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 5B single-board computer</a> has emerged as an interesting new option. This article will delve into its distinct attributes and highlight how it can benefit many applications.</p><h2 dir="ltr">The ROCK 5B</h2><p dir="ltr">The ROCK 5B, a result of the collaboration between Radxa and <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=nextgen_rock5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a>, is an innovative open-source hardware you can use for multiple applications. It is a versatile, expandable, and feature-packed device.&nbsp;</p><h3 dir="ltr">Performance and Processing Power</h3><p dir="ltr">The ROCK 5B device runs on the advanced Rockchip RK3588 SoC, which combines the power of a Quad Arm Cortex A76 CPU, a Quad Arm DynamIQ Cortex A55, and an Arm Mali G610MC4 GPU to boost performance. This assembly creates a highly efficient apparatus that can easily tackle even the most demanding tasks.</p><p dir="ltr"><iframe id="639e88944155b50008d4cdf8" width="250" class="specs-iframe" height="420" src="https://wevolver.com/iframe/specs/okdo-x-radxa-rock-5-model-b?iframe=true" frameborder="0" scrolling="true" data-lf-form-tracking-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-yt-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true" data-lf-vimeo-playback-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true"></iframe>In addition, the ROCK 5B is a powerful machine equipped with 4,8 or 16GB 64bit LPDDR4 RAM. It handles complex processes and multitasking effortlessly, enabling you to run intensive applications, stream high-definition media, and more without a hitch. The ROCK 5B is an excellent choice for all scenarios, especially when high processing power is required.&nbsp;</p><h3 dir="ltr">User Experience and Practicality</h3><p dir="ltr">Beyond its raw performance, the ROCK 5B is built with the end user in mind. It has a convenient On/Off power button that allows for safe shutdowns with just one touch. This feature helps prevent data corruption and improves the user experience.</p><p dir="ltr">Moreover, the ROCK 5B is compatible with many operating systems, including Android 12 and Debian/Ubuntu Linux. The device's broad compatibility offers users numerous options, making it suitable for various applications. Examples of applications include home automation, computer replacement, media streaming, server hosting, smart drones, and robots, for example.&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr">Unrivaled Display and Storage Capabilities</h2><p dir="ltr">One of the advantages of the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-5-model-b-8gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3588-arm-cortex-a76-cortex-a55/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=nextgen_rock5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 5B</a> is its impressive display capabilities. Equipped with an Arm Mali G610MC4 GPU, the device is capable of supporting displays up to 8Kp60 resolution. This makes the ROCK 5B an excellent choice for advanced multimedia applications, including gaming, video streaming, and digital signage.</p><p dir="ltr">When it comes to storage, the ROCK 5B is highly capable. It provides various storage options, including an eMMC socket for eMMC modules. Its 4,8 or 16GB RAM and fast eMMC socket make it an excellent choice for storing operating systems and data.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Robust Connectivity and Expansion Options</h2><p dir="ltr">For single-board computers, connectivity and expansion options are crucial. The ROCK 5B stands out with its plethora of interface options, thanks to its 40-pin GPIO expansion header. The board gets almost endless connectivity capabilities with UART, SPI bus, I2C bus, and more options.</p><p dir="ltr">Additionally, the ROCK 5B features various USB and Ethernet ports, offering speed and flexibility in data transfer and networking. Including M.2 connectors supporting PCIe lanes, SATA, and SDIO, the ROCK 5B ensures you can connect and expand per your project requirements.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Solid Availability and Support</h3><p dir="ltr">The ROCK 5B combines multiple features, great performance, and singular availability and support. The collaborative efforts of <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=nextgen_rock5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a> and Radxa ensure long-term stock availability of the ROCK 5B, making it a dependable choice for users.</p><p dir="ltr">If you enjoy experimenting with single-board computers as a hobby or a professional needing a reliable project device, the ROCK 5B is a great option.&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h2><p dir="ltr">The ROCK 5B is a great example of the advancements in single-board computer technology. It's a compact device that offers power, versatility, and ease of use. With devices like the ROCK 5B, the future of high-performance computing is becoming more accessible and affordable to everyone. <a href="https://www.okdo.com/solutions/" target="_blank">Get in touch with OKdo</a> to build innovative solutions that meet your unique needs. Read more about the whole <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=nextgen_rock5b" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rock series</a> of SBCs and their potential applications <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/profile/okdo" target="_blank">here.</a>&nbsp;</p>

Discover the power of single-board computers for enhanced versatility and performance.


Emerging SBC showcase next generation capabilities

<p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Single board computers (SBCs) are extensively utilized in embedded systems. SBCs have processor, storage, memory, input/output ports, and other features in their building in a single circuit. Companies use SBCs in commercial applications, such as industrial automation, robotics, or smart homes, and enthusiastic users also use SBCs to develop their projects. However, these robust and compact units are not without their challenges. From power and boot problems to network connectivity and software failures, SBCs present various issues, each requiring a different resolution strategy. This article offers a manual for troubleshooting the most common SBC problems, addressing hardware and software issues, and ensuring the ideal functionality of these essential computing devices.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Navigating Hardware Issues in SBCs</h2><p dir="ltr">The hardware issues that impede use and cause inconvenience to SBC users can be divided into three main categories: power anomalies, boot problems, and hardware connectivity problems.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Power anomalies</h3><p dir="ltr">Power-related problems in SBCs usually manifest as power failures, unexpected shutdowns, or erratic performance. These problems typically originate from the power supply or the board's power management components. It is imperative to validate the power supply's adherence to the voltage and current criteria specified by the manufacturer. In the case of battery-powered SBCs, it is crucial to check the battery's health, the state of charge, and secure connectivity.</p><p dir="ltr">If the power supply proves satisfactory, it is advisable to inspect the board for indicators of physical damage. Specifically, a thorough examination of power regulation elements such as capacitors, resistors, and inductors is recommended, especially for signs of overheating, discoloration, or damage.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Boot problems</h3><p dir="ltr">Boot-related issues can stem from various sources, including corrupted boot files, defective storage components, or incompatible peripheral devices. The initial stage of troubleshooting involves validating the state of the boot media. Should the medium be a microSD card or eMMC, examining its functionality on an alternative device is prudent. Furthermore, assurance of the proper installation and integrity of boot files and the operating system is essential.</p><p dir="ltr">Additionally, it recommends temporarily disconnecting all peripheral devices for booting purposes. If the initialization is successful, reconnect the peripherals individually to identify any compatibility issues with the SBC.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Hardware connectivity problems</h3><p dir="ltr">Troubles relating to hardware connectivity typically arise during the interaction of SBCs with peripheral devices. In such cases, the recommended course of action is to assess the physical connections. Examining the connectors for looseness or damage and verifying precise and secure wiring is essential for the connectivity in the SBC.</p><p dir="ltr">Subsequently, an evaluation of the compatibility between the SBC and the peripheral device is required. This involves ensuring that voltage levels, communication protocols, and driver support are appropriately aligned and examining the necessary software configuration settings associated with the respective peripherals.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Solving/Addressing Software Problems in SBCs</h2><p dir="ltr">Problem-solving related to software used in SBCs basically covers the following points: software defects and anomalies, network connectivity, and sustaining ideal SBC performance.</p><h3 dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Software defects and anomalies</h3><p dir="ltr">Software complications in SBCs are identifiable through system failures, decreased performance, or malfunctioning of specific resources. In troubleshooting, examining the system logs for error messages is advisable. System logs, integrated into most operating systems, provide information on the causes of problems, making it possible to identify the source and causes of problems in the software used in the SBC.</p><p dir="ltr">Additionally, maintaining up-to-date system software, libraries, and dependencies is crucial. Software errors are often corrected in subsequent versions, thus highlighting the importance of continuous system updates. Therefore, keeping the operating system and drivers up to date is a key part of avoiding anomalies in the SBC software.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Network connectivity challenges</h3><p dir="ltr">Network connectivity problems on the SBC require an initial assessment of the physical network connection when the standard ethernet cable connection on the board applies. In the case of wireless connections, it is necessary to check the strength of the Wi-Fi signal and the correct configuration of the network settings on the device.</p><p dir="ltr">When dealing with network connection software, it's helpful to use diagnostic tools to assess the interface status. It's important to ensure the driver is installed correctly and there are no firewall restrictions on essential ports for a smooth connection.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Sustaining ideal SBC performance</h3><p dir="ltr">Routine maintenance is essential to avoid common problems with SBCs. This includes cleaning the device to prevent dust accumulation, a precursor to overheating, and facilitating proper ventilation, allowing the device to operate without crashing or unwanted shutdowns. Furthermore, regular software updates, adherence to appropriate shutdown protocols, and the establishment of data backups contribute substantially to the sustained health of an SBC. Therefore, by applying these practices, it is possible to obtain maximum performance from the device and avoid future problems in its operation.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Leveraging the ROCK Series for Effective SBC Troubleshooting</h3><p dir="ltr">The ROCK series of high-performance SBCs, developed by <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=troubleshooting_sbcs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a> in collaboration with <a href="https://radxa.com/" target="_blank">Radxa</a>, which uses a powerful Rockchip processor, bring technological advances to these devices. They can be used in <a href="https://www.okdo.com/industrial/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=troubleshooting_sbcs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">applications</a> such as industrial automation, smart homes, precision agriculture, advertising campaigns, and by technology enthusiasts as personal computers.</p><p dir="ltr">A notable feature of the ROCK series is its careful power management design. Equipped with advanced voltage regulation components, such as precision capacitors and efficient inductors, these SBCs effectively minimize potential power-related issues. This is especially important for identifying and resolving problems arising from power irregularities, such as irregular behavior and unexpected shutdowns. The fine-tuned control and real-time monitoring of the ROCK series allows engineers to quickly resolve power problems, reducing downtime and ensuring uninterrupted operation.</p><p dir="ltr">Additionally, the ROCK series offers versatile and robust connectivity options, including USB, Ethernet, HDMI, and GPIO interfaces, enabling smooth interactions with various peripheral devices. This flexibility greatly aids in diagnosing hardware connectivity issues, a common troubleshooting area. By systematically connecting and disconnecting peripherals, engineers can identify concerns, compatibility gaps, and faulty connections using the ROCK series. Furthermore, the robustness of the connections offers better electrical contact between the conductors and better mechanical fixation between the devices.</p><p dir="ltr">The <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=troubleshooting_sbcs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK series</a> architecture is well structured to support different operating systems, such as Ubuntu, Debian, and Android, and software stacks, making it easy to isolate bugs and software faults systematically. With debugging tools and comprehensive system logs, engineers gain valuable insight into the causes of system crashes, poor performance, and other software-related anomalies. This level of detail allows engineers to make informed decisions, apply patches promptly, and maintain software integrity.</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 302px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk1ODA3MzI0MzE2LWltYWdlNC5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">ROCK 5 Model A. Image credit: OKdo.</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">An example of this robustness and versatility in facilitating troubleshooting is the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-5-model-a-16gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3588s-arm-cortex-a76-cortex-a55/" target="_blank">OKdo ROCK 5 Model A</a>. The ROCK 5 supports various power supply technologies, such as USB Type‑C™ PD and Qualcomm® Quick Charge™, including intelligent power adapters and fixed voltage. It is recommended to use a power supply that can deliver at least 24W without an M.2&nbsp;NVME&nbsp;SSD or 30W with an M.2&nbsp;NVME&nbsp;SSD when powering this SBC to avoid power issues.</p><p dir="ltr">ROCK 5 Model A operates using Arm big.LITTLE technology can automatically select which processor core to use for a given task. Consequently, this results in minimal heat generation and a responsive user experience, avoiding overheating problems due to excessive tasks. The SBC ROCK 5 has an SoC RK3588S specified to limit its maximum internal temperature to 80°C before reducing clock speeds to maintain reliability within the permitted temperature range. Therefore, if the SBC is used continuously in high-performance applications, external cooling methods such as a heatsink and fan may be required.</p><p dir="ltr">Another feature of the ROCK 5 A that helps reduce the problems of SBCs is the eMMC socket. The high-speed eMMC socket benefits this SBC by using the operational system and data storage on eMMC modules, which are more robust than microSD cards. Furthermore, this SBC has a power on/off button that allows quick, easy, and safe shutdowns without the risk of corrupting storage.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h2><p dir="ltr">The interaction between hardware and software and understanding energy and connectivity form the basis for effective diagnostic troubleshooting in SBCs. The collaboration between OKdo and Radxa has resulted in the ROCK series, which presents features to simplify diagnostics and prevent problems. Therefore, understanding the SBC and how to do troubleshooting helps with uninterrupted operations and the successful realization of innovative projects.</p><h2 dir="ltr">References</h2><ol><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.makeuseof.com/choosing-sbc-single-board-computer-key-factors/" target="_blank">https://www.makeuseof.com/choosing-sbc-single-board-computer-key-factors/</a></p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr"><a href="https://creatorswarehouse.com.au/single-board-computers-introduction/" target="_blank">https://creatorswarehouse.com.au/single-board-computers-introduction/</a></p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr"><a href="https://ameridroid.com/blogs/ameriblogs/basic-problems-with-sbcs-and-how-to-trouble-shoot-them" target="_blank">https://ameridroid.com/blogs/ameriblogs/basic-problems-with-sbcs-and-how-to-trouble-shoot-them</a></p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.okdo.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/radxa_rock5a_product_brief_Revision_1.1.pdf" target="_blank" data-lf-fd-inspected-kn9eq4roawkarlvp="true">https://www.okdo.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/radxa_rock5a_product_brief_Revision_1.1.pdf</a></p></li></ol>

An examination of troubleshooting techniques for single board computer issues.


Diagnostic Strategies for Troubleshooting in SBCs

An investigation into innovative applications of SBCs


SBCs for Modern Engineering

<p dir="ltr" id="isPasted"><a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/the-rock-engineering-challenge" target="_blank">The ROCK Engineering Challenge</a> invited engineers, entrepreneurs, inventors, and developers to submit an idea for a part, product, or system that took advantage of the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/rock-sbc/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock_community_winner_interview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK single-board computers</a>.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">We received a significant number of submissions from across the globe, impressed with cutting-edge applications of single-board computers.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">The Wevolver Community Vote winner was <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/the-rock-engineering-challenge-finalists-and-community-vote" target="_blank">selected by our community through a public poll</a>. The Wevolver community winners of the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=rock_community_winner_interview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo&nbsp;</a>challenge are Marcel Ochsendorf and Sebastian Kindorf, who are developing a thermal imaging medical device.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">This product is designed to aid medical facilities by using a thermal imaging camera to non-invasively record a patient's status. The system can determine breathing status, frequency, body temperature, and movements like falls, alerting medical staff when necessary.</p><p dir="ltr">Wevolver’s Content Director, Jessica Miley, interviewed Marcel and Sebastian to learn more about their engineering careers, what motivated them to enter the challenge, and the plans for their ideas.<br><br><strong>Jessica Miley:</strong> Hi team. Thanks for speaking with us. Let’s start by getting you guys to introduce yourselves.<br><br><strong>Marcel Ochsendorf:</strong> My name is Marcel. I am currently a Master's student in my final semester. I have a Computer Science Bachelor and am now doing electrical engineering in my Master's. I love doing engineering projects, and I have attended several hackathons and so on in the past.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Sebastian Kindorf:</strong> I'm Sebastian. After I completed an apprenticeship as an electrician, I decided to continue with a Bachelor's degree, also in electrical engineering, and then graduated with my Master’s degree in April. Afterwards I worked for two months in Morocco on an automation project for sustainable irrigation.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Jessica Miley:</strong> How did you two meet and start working on this project together?</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Sebastian Kindorf:</strong> We met when we were both working at <a href="https://home.cern/" target="_blank">CERN</a>- the International Research Center in Switzerland. We actually met accidentally, and after we talked a little bit, we realized we were on the same wavelength. He [Marcel] makes a lot of electronic projects and so do I. After a few weeks, I said, “Okay, I think we should start a project together.” We had a few ideas, then I saw Wevolver had this engineering challenge and we decided to enter. So we went to a restaurant, drank two beers and did some brainstorming!</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Marcel Ochsendorf:</strong> This project was born out of an experience that I had doing some work as an IT engineer in a hospital a few years ago. This hospital had problems with monitoring patients because it is really data-sensitive. In Germany, data is very regulated. For example, you cannot record a patient and then analyse it. So it's really challenging to create a device for <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/can-remote-patient-monitoring-improve-the-quality-of-healthcare" target="_blank">remote patient monitoring</a>. We had the idea to use a thermal camera to take a video feed anonymously, sSo you only have an abstract grayscale image with temperature information. Its not possible to clearly identify a person out of this captured image but it is possible to detect the patient's body (position, vital signs) so that patient monitoring can be done without violating the patient's personal rights and that the patient may feel uncomfortable by the "monitoring".&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 302px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk1MjA2MTUyMTU1LU5DUE1TeXNfcHJvdG90eXBlICgyKS5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner" spellcheck="false">The remote patient monitoring device prototype.&nbsp;</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Jessica Miley:</strong> So the product addresses a problem that health institutions have of keeping an eye on a large number of patients - your product can monitor key health aspects such as breathing etc. - &nbsp;without needing staff to be everywhere at once?</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Marcel Ochsendorf:</strong> Yes. In Germany, and likely other countries, hospitals are very understaffed. So it’s a good solution to monitor patients without additional staff. Currently, patients are monitored by being physically attached to machines, for example, heart rate and oxygen via a finger clip.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Jessica Miley:</strong> How does the product actually work?</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Sebastian Kindorf:</strong> The product primarily relies on two different sensor signals for its functioning.</p><p dir="ltr">First, a thermal camera is utilized to record the patient's body temperature. Each individual has a unique "healthy" body temperature range, and deviations from this range can indicate potentially dangerous conditions such as hypothermia or fever. Monitoring body temperature serves as an essential indicator for determining if a patient requires closer examination.</p><p dir="ltr">Secondly, a regular imaging camera, combined with specific evaluation algorithms, is used to derive additional parameters such as respiratory status, respiratory rate, heart rate, heart rate variability, and patient positioning. This information can provide insights into potential falls from the bed. To determine heart rate and heart rate variability, we employ remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) technology. The rPPG analyzes color changes in the skin to extract cardiovascular information.</p><p dir="ltr">By simply transferring patient data, the hard-working healthcare workers should eventually be relieved.<span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 302px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjk1MjA2MTc2MDcxLU5DUE1TeXNfcHJvdG90eXBlX2JhY2t3aXRoUm9jayAoMikucG5nIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner" spellcheck="false">The device aims to reduce the workload of health care workers.&nbsp;</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Jessica Miley:</strong> What kind of technical hurdles have you faced, and how did you overcome them or what? How did using the ROCK hardware assist in that?</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Marcel Ochsendorf:</strong> The main goal is to do all the sensor processing locally. In addition, secure encryption algorithms must be used. This way, no sensitive data is left on a device or forwarded to personnel. The complete evaluation runs locally on the device and only status information leaves the device. This is to comply with the strict requirement of data protection guidelines.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Sebastian Kindorf:</strong> The Rock chip has a very good GPU and thus good possibilities for processing by algorithms or trained AIs. Image processing is therefore much faster on the Rock chip than on a Raspberry Pi, for example, where only a few frames per second of high definition image data can be processed. Additionally, ROCK's single board computers were also available during the Covid19 pandemic, compared to many other SBCs which were not.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Jessica Miley:</strong> Can you say a little bit about your plans for the future with this project? I know that you had said in your submission that you had spoken to one hospital about doing a test. So maybe you can talk a little bit about your plans to scale.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Marcel Ochsendorf:</strong> Yes, we have talked to one hospital in Germany. It’s the institution I used to work for, so I have some contacts there. Once we finalize our prototype, the hospital has offered to give us some room or an environment to set up and test. This is an opportunity for us if we progress further and are confident that the system is fully working. Then we will have the opportunity to test it there.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Jessica Miley:</strong> What other resources do you need to do that? What are the challenges ahead, apart from perhaps needing time?</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Sebastian Kindorf:</strong> We are implementing the project following the V-model methodology. The Concept of Operation (CoP) phase is complete, and we are now in the requirements and architecture phase. We are specifying the prototype and final product requirements and concretizing the device implementation. The hardware components for the final system have been determined, ordered, and will undergo step-by-step testing soon.</p><p dir="ltr">I think we have an edge, and the device has a huge potential, even if we just say we only want to have it in intensive care.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Jessica Miley:</strong> Final question: What advice would you give to other engineers who are developing novel projects like yours?&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Marcel Ochsendorf:</strong> Be creative. Here in the university context, people are afraid of trying things and wrecking things.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Marcel Ochsendorf:</strong> You can't get some experience if you don't try it. Okay, this can break but at least you tried. Okay, this breaks. Okay, then it's fine. Then go on to the next iterations. I think this is a very good approach to build rather than overly plan. So, planning is good, but it's not everything!</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Jessica Miley:</strong> I love that approach; just trying something is as important as planning! And what about you, Sebastian? Do you have some advice?</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Sebastian Kindorf:</strong> I agree; if you don't try, you don't get experience. I also think you should make the most of being a student, because you have nothing to lose!</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Jessica:</strong> Thanks guys - this was a great conversation - we really look forward to following your journey with this project.&nbsp;</p>

In response to the OKDo Engineering Challenge, Marcel Ochsendorf and Sebastian Kindorf developed a medical device that uses thermal imaging for remote patient monitoring. Their innovative project won the Wevolver Community Vote. 


Thermal imaging for remote patient monitoring: Winners of the OKdo Engineering Challenge Wevolver Community Vote

<p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Exploring the advanced features of SBCs in optimizing control and industrial efficiencyAutomation is becoming a transformative trend in the constantly evolving industrial landscape. Industrial automation, which involves implementing control systems based on computers and robots, is remodeling industrial operations, ranging from the production line and manufacturing to quality control and material handling. In this context, the Single Board Computer (SBC), a discrete but powerful engineering component, is emerging as a driving force behind this revolution.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Boosting efficiency and control with SBCs in industrial automation</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">SBCs play an important role in industrial automation, significantly boosting cutting-edge applications. These compact devices, equipped with built-in microprocessors, memory, and input/output (I/O) interfaces, have become key to various innovative industrial applications.</p><p dir="ltr">Industries widely use SBCs to monitor and control production lines, regulate environmental conditions, and supervise machine operation. An application example of SBCs is accurately monitoring temperature and humidity conditions in storage environments for perishable products. Sensors connected to the SBCs collect data in real time, allowing precise control over storage variables. This level of monitoring provides an ideal environment for preserving perishable products, avoiding waste, and ensuring the quality of the end product.</p><p dir="ltr">Similarly, in the pharmaceutical sector, SBCs can play an important role in process automation. For example, a pharmaceutical company can implement SBCs to accurately monitor the dosage of chemical products in its manufacturing procedures. Dosing sensors connected to SBCs ensure that the exact amounts of chemicals are added to each production batch, assuring the consistency and quality of pharmaceutical products.</p><p dir="ltr">In manufacturing plants, SBCs can ensure the continuous operation of the production line, without requiring downtime for maintenance, by enabling predictive maintenance. Furthermore, SBCs can use tracking and logistics systems to help monitor the movement and location of products in real time along the supply chain.</p><p dir="ltr"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MDM4NDI2LXNodXR0ZXJzdG9ja18xNzI4NTY3MDczICgxKS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Additionally, the SBCs contribute to interface human-machine interaction (HMI). These compact computers can feed information to industrial displays and touch screens, providing operators with critical real-time information about the manufacturing process. SBCs can also be programmed to facilitate automatic corrective actions, minimizing the need for constant human intervention.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Benefits and technical challenges of SBCs for industrial automation&nbsp;</h2><p dir="ltr">The adoption of SBCs in industrial automation brings with it many tangible benefits. They offer significant cost efficiency, providing a compact and economical alternative to conventional Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) or Programmable Automation Controllers (PACs) without compromising functionality.</p><p dir="ltr">SBCs provide flexibility in applications due to their ability to run various operating systems, such as Ubuntu, Debian, and Android. In addition, they support different programming languages, such as Python, C, and C++, making them highly adaptable to the multifaceted demands of industrial automation. Their compact footprint and reduced energy consumption make them versatile for industrial applications where space optimization and energy efficiency are paramount requirements.</p><p dir="ltr">However, the use of SBCs in industrial automation faces technical challenges. Industrial environments often require high standards of durability and reliability, which conventional consumer SBCs may need to meet. Ensuring robustness against temperature extremes, vibrations, and electromagnetic interference requires additional hardware design considerations or the selection of industrial-grade SBCs.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Industrial automation with OKdo&rsquo;s ROCK series</h2><p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a>&#39;s ROCK series SBCs have high-performance processors, such as those based on the ARM architecture, giving them the processing power needed to tackle complex automation tasks. Additionally, their durability is ensured through a robust design that can cope with extreme temperature fluctuations, strong vibrations, and electromagnetic interference.</p><p dir="ltr">The <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK series</a> also features connectivity with Ethernet interfaces and support for wireless communications such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, enabling comprehensive integration into modern industrial networks. Expansion flexibility is extended through GPIO ports and slots for expansion modules, providing precise and adaptable customization for various industrial applications. In industrial automation, the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/c/rock-shop/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK series</a> SBCs can be used, for example, in robotic control systems and preventative maintenance.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Robotic control systems</h2><p dir="ltr">In industrial automation with robots, an example of an SBC application is the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-4-model-se-4gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3399-t-arm-cortex-a72-cortex-a53/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 4 SE</a> combined with a <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-lidar-module-with-bracket/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LiDAR module</a>. Combining these two devices enables the robot to detect nearby objects accurately, providing positioning data for navigation in the industrial landscape. Therefore, using an efficient and low-cost system, the robot can perform its functions accurately.</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 302px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MDc4OTU2LWltYWdlNC0yLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">Image credit: OKdo</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">The <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-4-model-se-4gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3399-t-arm-cortex-a72-cortex-a53/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 4 SE</a> is an SBC developed by <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a> in collaboration with <a href="https://radxa.com/" target="_blank">Radxa</a>, based on a low-energy, high-performance Rockchip RK3399-T Hexa-core processor. It is equipped with Processador Hexa-core com big.LITTLE&trade; Arm&reg; Dual Cortex-A72&reg; CPU , Quad-core Cortex-A53 e Arm Mali&trade; - GPU T860MP4 and 4GB 64bit LPDDR4 RAM. ROCK 4 SE also offers ample storage capacity with a Micro SD card, an eMMC card, and an M.2 card. The eMMC storage gives ROCK a significant advantage in embedded designs due to eMMC&#39;s superior speed, reliability, capacity, and durability over SD cards.</p><p dir="ltr">Additionally, it has various connectivity features, including Bluetooth 5.0, WiFi, Gigabit Ethernet, USB and HDMI ports, and an integrated antenna, allowing you to incorporate the ROCK 4 SE into applications widely. The ROCK 4 SE also has the following features for the 40-pin 0.1&quot; (2.54 mm) header it supports a wide range of interface options:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">2 x UART</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">2 x SPI bus</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">2 x I2C bus</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">1 x PCM/I2S&nbsp;</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">1 x SPDIF</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">1 x PWM</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">1 x ADC</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">6 x GPIO</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">2 x 5V DC power in&nbsp;</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">2 x 3.3V power pin</p></li></ul><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 302px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MTEzNDk2LWltYWdlMy0yLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">Radxa ROCK 4 SE. Image credit: OKdo</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">The <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-lidar-module-with-bracket/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LiDAR Module</a> is a time-of-flight (TOF) sensor that uses a laser to detect distances up to 12 meters away with an accuracy of 0.02 mm. It offers 360-degree environmental detection and is compatible with the SBC <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-4-model-se-4gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3399-t-arm-cortex-a72-cortex-a53/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 4 SE</a> through a UART cable, making it ideal for industrial applications such as robot movement control and precise mapping of the industrial environment.</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 302px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MTQzNDc1LVVudGl0bGVkIGRlc2lnbiAoMTIpLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">LiDAR module. Image credit: <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a>.</span></span></span></p><h2 dir="ltr" id="isPasted">Automated preventative maintenance</h2><p dir="ltr">In preventative maintenance of industrial processes, SBCs also are applicable, preventing breakdowns and downtime, saving money, and increasing production efficiency. In such applications, the system typically consists of an SBC to receive, process, and transmit the measured data.</p><p dir="ltr"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MTgyNDUzLXNodXR0ZXJzdG9ja18xODA3MjM5ODQ3ICgxKS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">An SBC model that can create an automated preventive maintenance system is the <a href="https://www.okdo.com/p/okdo-rock-4-model-se-4gb-single-board-computer-rockchip-rk3399-t-arm-cortex-a72-cortex-a53/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ROCK 4 Model C+</a>, a robust, high-performance multifunction board based on the powerful Rockchip RK3399-T SoC. This SBC includes a Dual Arm Cortex A72 CPU, Quad Arm Cortex A53, and Arm Mali T860MP4 GPU and is compatible with a wide range of software operating systems, such as Android and Linux, with the GPU being Al stack-enabled, such as Caffe, a deep learning framework.</p><p dir="ltr"><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 302px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjkzOTk0MTk4ODEyLWltYWdlMi0yLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">ROCK 4 C+. Image credit: <a href="https://www.okdo.com/?utm_source=wevolver&utm_campaign=rock&utm_medium=affiliates&utm_content=sbcs_in_industrial_automation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">OKdo</a>.</span></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" id="isPasted">The ROCK 4 C+ provides serial communication capabilities, ethernet and USB connections, and a wireless connection compatible with 2.4 GHz/5 GHz WiFi networks. Furthermore, this SBC can perform safe shutdowns at the touch of a button without the risk of corrupting storage due to the integrated on/off button.</p><p dir="ltr">One example of preventive maintenance is in rotating machines in industrial processes such as food refrigeration. A failure prevention system can be built to maintain these rotating machines by monitoring and identifying the current operating state. A system comprising the following components can be implemented:</p><ol><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">A ROCK 4 C+ to receive, process, and transmit the measured data.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">A platform for monitoring the operational status, such as ThingSpeak, where a display can be connected to the ROCK to show the information.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">An LSM9DS1 module to detect vibrations.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">A voltage sensor compatible with the industrial network&#39;s maximum voltage, an example of 500V, is the V500-ISO sensor.</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">A current sensor that supports the machine&#39;s operating current, for example, the HTP200-P sensor that measures currents up to 200A.</p></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Additionally, a dataset is a requirement to train AI algorithms, such as recurrent neural networks. This is crucial for recognizing operational status and predicting failures of the rotating machines. With this in place, the monitoring system can alert the maintenance team in case of any issues, and the AI algorithm and device configurations can work seamlessly together.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Conclusion</h2><p dir="ltr">SBCs are an efficient, innovative, and flexible solution for industrial automation. Their potential is transformative for the future of automation, despite any challenges that may arise. Using the ROCK family, you can access low-cost SBCs, such as the ROCK 4 SE and ROCK 4 C+, that offer reliability and high performance.</p><h2 dir="ltr">References</h2><ol><li dir="ltr"><h2><p dir="ltr">OKdo. &ldquo;<a href="https://www.okdo.com/project/how-to-build-an-autonomous-industrial-robot-with-rock-4-and-lidar-module/" target="_blank">How to build an autonomous industrial robot with ROCK 4 SE &amp; LiDAR Module</a>&rdquo;</p></h2></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Fernando Br&uuml;gge, 2021. &ldquo;<a href="https://iot-analytics.com/rise-of-industrial-ai-aiot-4-trends-driving-technology-adoption/" target="_blank">The rise of industrial AI and AIoT: 4 trends driving technology adoption</a>&rdquo;</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">Cassiano Ferro Moraes, 2023. &ldquo;<a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/how-sbcs-can-lead-the-way-to-predictive-maintenance" target="_blank">How SBCs can lead the way to predictive maintenance</a>&rdquo;</p></li><li dir="ltr"><p dir="ltr">OKdo. &ldquo;<a href="https://www.okdo.com/industrial/" target="_blank">Smart Industry &amp; Manufacturing IOT Solutions</a>&rdquo;</p></li></ol>

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<p dir="ltr" id="isPasted"><a href="https://www.wevolver.com/article/the-rock-engineering-challenge" target="_blank">The ROCK Engineering Challenge</a> invited engineers, entrepreneurs, inventors, and developers to submit ideas for parts, products, or systems that take advantage of ROCK single-board computers.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">We received more than 150 entries from across the globe, with ideas ranging from search and rescue drones to open-source care devices.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">The top ten projects have been carefully selected by OKdo engineers based on their impact on the industry, their scalability, and their feasibility. The final ten projects are now being reviewed by the jury, and the overall winner will be announced on May 16, 2023.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">The Wevolver Community Vote winner is selected by the engineering community. The winner of the Community Vote will receive an honarable mention and be pitched to the senior management of OKdo and its partners for a chance at establishing partnerships.</p><p dir="ltr">Read about the ten finalists of the challenge and then head to the <a href="https://www.wevolver.com/community-vote/the-rock-engineering-challenge" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">voting page</a> to cast your choice.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><a class="button-main-action" href="https://www.wevolver.com/community-vote/the-rock-engineering-challenge" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">VOTE NOW</a></p><hr><h2 dir="ltr">Eric Schleicher</h2><p dir="ltr"><strong>Time of Flight (ToF) 3D cameras</strong></p><p>Constructive Realities is developing a line of Time of Flight (ToF) 3D cameras, capable of on-device depth data processing using the GPUs and NPUs found in small ARM SBCs and SoMs like the Rockchip 3566/3588. These compact cameras have AR/VR, IoT, robotics, and industrial products applications. An API allows users to process depth data and enables IoT functionality, while Linux-based SoM/SBCs provide extensibility and community support at an affordable price point.</p><p><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjgyNDE1OTkwMDIwLVRvRi5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 dir="ltr">Marcel Ochsendorf</h2><p dir="ltr"><strong>Non-contact patient monitoring system</strong></p><p>This project focuses on developing a non-contact patient monitoring system for medical facilities. The status of a patient is to be recorded by means of a thermal imaging camera. Among other things, breathing status, breathing frequency, body temperature and movements (fall) are to be determined without contact, and, if necessary, the medical staff is to be notified. The Rock SBC&#39;s dedicated GPU enables local processing, ensuring data protection while providing ample resources for future upgrades and additional functionality.</p><p><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjgyNDE2MDM2NDA2LUlNR18yNjY4LkpQRyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 dir="ltr">Brian Degger</h2><p dir="ltr"><strong>Open-source digital microscope</strong></p><p>This project explores the potential of the ROCK single-board computer in open-source scientific applications, including controlling an incubator and serving as a digital 3D printed microscope. The ROCK&#39;s camera interface and 40-pin header, combined with motor-driving hardware, enable versatile experimentation and make it a practical choice for open lab settings.</p><p><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjgyNDE2MDc5NzA5LU9wZW5GbGV4dXJlLmpwZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 dir="ltr">Dallas Hudson</h2><p dir="ltr"><strong>Retrofit existing ATG consoles</strong></p><p>US Fuel Pro aims to retrofit existing ATG consoles at gas stations with a ROCK-powered microprocessor, providing an improved touchscreen interface and web app access. This upgrade enhances monitoring capabilities, enables better compliance with regulations, and offers a more reliable, stable solution for station owners.</p><p><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjgyNDE5NDM2MjM0LTJFQUJCRjVDLUJGMzktNDc4Qi1CODFCLTk1M0I4RERBNDhBRC5qcGVnIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 dir="ltr">Phil Hall</h2><p dir="ltr"><strong>LambCamAI</strong></p><p>LambCamAI utilizes a Rock SBC along with a video feed, microphone, and AI to help shepherds monitor their ewes during lambing season. The system can detect complications during birth and notify the shepherd, potentially increasing survival rates and easing the workload for smallholders and shepherds.</p><p><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjgyNDE5NDk5NjU5LUthcmVuIHdpdGggbGFtYnMuanBnIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 dir="ltr">Aviv Butvinik</h2><p dir="ltr"><strong>3D printed tracked mobile robot&nbsp;</strong></p><p>AVIV1 is a versatile, 3D printed tracked mobile robot that can navigate various terrains and perform tasks such as inspecting crawlspaces, surveying construction sites, or planting seeds. With an open-source design and the ROCK 5B single-board computer, it enables users to customize and repurpose the robot for specific needs or educational purposes.</p><p><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjgyNDIzNzk0OTg1LUhhbmQgU2tldGNoIDEtbWluLkpQRyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 dir="ltr">Andrea Foschi</h2><p dir="ltr"><strong>Industrial automation solution</strong></p><p>Zuun is developing a solution for industrial automation that uses the ROCK SBC to enable the automatic detection of machine networks, providing a fully self-diagnosing and compatible board independent of the manufacturer&#39;s system. This improves support for technicians and programmers using OPC UA and their custom framework. Their prototype, compatible with SIEMENS and BECKHOFF technologies, is designed to recognize devices automatically and grant immediate access to features, speeding up development, testing, and bug-solving processes. The solution is built using web technologies such as Node Red, ReactNative, and OPC-UA.</p><p><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjgyNDE5NjUxODg3LWF1dG8gaW5kby5wbmciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 dir="ltr">Team Farmbeast</h2><p dir="ltr"><strong>Advanced, fully autonomous field robot&nbsp;</strong></p><p>A group of students from the University of Maribor are developing Farmbeast, an advanced, fully autonomous field robot that performs tasks like crop spraying, weed termination, and crop inspection. Equipped with numerous sensors and the ROS (Robot Operating System) framework, Farmbeast addresses challenges in agriculture such as efficiency, variability, and environmental impact. The team seeks to use the ROCK 5B 16GB to support their current work and future research, including raspberry detection and robotic arm-assisted picking using an innovative origami gripper design.</p><p><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjgyNDE5NzU2ODI4LUlNR18yMDIwMDgzMV8xMDA3NTAuanBnIiwiZWRpdHMiOnsicmVzaXplIjp7IndpZHRoIjo5NTAsImZpdCI6ImNvdmVyIn19fQ==" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 dir="ltr">Jacque Wilson</h2><p dir="ltr"><strong>Pedestrian safety system</strong></p><p>FOREST aims to address the high rate of vehicle and pedestrian accidents by using the Rock 5B &ldquo;GUMP&rdquo; units (Grouped Utility Machine Processing unit) to improve pedestrian safety and situational awareness. The primary goal is to amplify pedestrian visibility to cars and provide advance warning to pedestrians if a vehicle is on a potential collision course. A secondary goal is to collect and transmit real-time environmental data to better understand factors contributing to global warming and pedestrian health. FOREST will be available in two models: Backpack FOREST, a portable solution with an LED matrix and speaker, and Vehicle FOREST, an electric go-kart-like frame with visual tracking, navigation, and collision alerts.</p><p><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjgyNDE5ODU4ODUzLUZvcmVzdF92ZWhpY2xlLnBuZyIsImVkaXRzIjp7InJlc2l6ZSI6eyJ3aWR0aCI6OTUwLCJmaXQiOiJjb3ZlciJ9fX0=" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"></p><h2 dir="ltr">Jamos Tan - AyeAye Systems</h2><p dir="ltr"><strong>All-in-one boat system</strong></p><p>Our project focuses on developing a unique maritime all-in-one boat system that prioritizes open-source, affordability, and sustainability. In collaboration with the Dutch government, we are working on hydrogen-powered vessels. The boat computer uses an ARM-based CPU, and we&#39;re currently adapting our software to support the Rock chip.</p><p><span class="fr-img-caption fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 302px;"><span class="fr-img-wrap"><img src="https://images.wevolver.com/eyJidWNrZXQiOiJ3ZXZvbHZlci1wcm9qZWN0LWltYWdlcyIsImtleSI6ImZyb2FsYS8xNjgyNDE5OTE1MTMwLTIwMjIxMDE4XzE2MTczOS5qcGciLCJlZGl0cyI6eyJyZXNpemUiOnsid2lkdGgiOjk1MCwiZml0IjoiY292ZXIifX19" style="width: 300px;" class="fr-fic fr-dib"><span class="fr-inner">Image Credit: <a href="https://ayeaye.systems/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">AyeAye Systems</a></span></span></span></p><p><br></p><p>Vote for your favorite ROCK Engineering Challenge finalist here. Voting is open until 7th of May.&nbsp;<br><br><a class="button-main-action" href="https://www.wevolver.com/community-vote/the-rock-engineering-challenge" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Vote here!</a></p><p>Winners of the Rock Engineering Challenge will be announced on May 16. Stay tuned to <a href="https://www.instagram.com/wevolverapp/?hl=en" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Wevolver socials</a> for more. &nbsp;</p>

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